【CCL资料】CCL词汇系列（二十六）：pain 疼痛,笔果英语微信公众号文章

往期链接：

一个再精致高贵的人

也逃不过大大小小病痛的折磨

小到头疼脑热四肢乏力

大到伤口缝合骨折撕伤

一辈子，总要疼痛几次

今天的话题就是“pain”疼痛

CCL词汇系列：

1. 涵盖笔果课程五大主题：

社会福利，法律，商业，教育及医疗

2. 词汇资料文章将包含简单的词汇的相关背景知识

3. 能帮助同学们更加了解

Australian context，

加深对词汇的记忆

Pain

疼痛

什么是疼痛？

Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli; an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. In medical diagnosis, pain is regarded as a symptom of an underlying condition.

damaging stimuli	破坏性刺激
unpleasant sensory	不愉快的感觉
tissue damage	组织损伤
medical diagnosis	医学诊断
underlying condition	潜在症状

疼痛的几种类型？

Acute pain starts suddenly and is short-term

急性疼痛突然发作，而且是短期的

Chronic pain lasts for a longer period of time

慢性疼痛持续时间较长

Bone pain happens when cancer is affecting a bone

当癌症侵袭骨骼时，就会发生骨痛

Soft tissue pain happens when organs, muscles or tissues are damaged or inflamed

软组织疼痛发生在器官、肌肉或组织受损或发炎时

Nerve pain happens when a nerve is damaged

当神经受损时，就会发生神经疼痛

Referred pain is when pain from one part of your body is felt in another

牵涉性疼痛是指身体某个部位的疼痛被另一个部位感受到

Phantom pain is when there is pain in a part of the body that has been removed

幻肢痛是指身体某个部位的疼痛被移除

Total pain includes the emotional, social and spiritual factors that affect a person’s pain experience.

总痛苦包括情感、社会和精神因素，影响一个人的痛苦体验。

缓解疼痛的几种方式？

Water

Use it to clean cuts and scrapes and to treat burns. If you're dealing with a burn, put the injured area in cool water or cover it with a cold compress as soon as you can.

injured area	受伤部位
cold compress	冰敷

Multi-Purpose Washcloth

Wrap it around a bag of frozen vegetables or a plastic bag filled with ice cubes for a comfortable ice pack that can help with the swelling and pain that comes with sprains or strains.

ice cubes	冰块
swelling and pain	肿胀和疼痛
sprains or strains	扭伤或拉伤

Over-the-Counter Anti-Inflammatories

They’re often used to treat the pain that comes with inflammation, like sprains. You don’t need a prescription, but you should be careful with them: Large doses can cause stomach pain and nausea, and long-term overuse can lead to kidney problems, ulcers, and high blood pressure.

Inflammation	炎症
Sprains	扭伤
Prescription	处方药
stomach pain	胃疼
nausea	恶心
long-term overuse	长期过度使用
kidney problems	肾脏问题
ulcers	溃疡

Acetaminophen

It’s used for headaches, toothaches, menstrual cramps, and other kinds of pain that don’t necessarily come with inflammation. If you take it only occasionally, it doesn’t usually cause problems. But don't take it in high doses -- that can damage your liver and kidneys

menstrual cramps	筋挛
liver and kidneys	肝脏和肾脏

Topical Pain Relievers

These are over-the-counter gels, creams, sprays, and patches you put on your skin over the painful muscle, tendon, or joint. They can help relieve pain without serious side effects.