【CCL资料】CCL词汇系列（二十）：Diabetes 糖尿病,笔果英语微信公众号文章

往期链接：

“糖尿病”对于大多数人来说都不陌生，

毕竟我国天朝是一个“糖尿病”大国

但最近小柠檬才了解到，这个数据有多可怕。

“中国约有1.1亿名糖尿病患者，

约占中国成年人总数的1/10”

主要原因在于不健康的生活方式

如：

高糖和高脂的饮食结构和缺乏运动

不尽快采取行动，

减少生活方式中的危险因素，

预计该数字将在2040年增至1.5亿人！！

所以小柠檬在此呼吁大家，

学习英语固然重要，

但是也要提醒大家

“健康饮食”和“积极运动”

的重要性！

CCL词汇系列：

1. 涵盖笔果课程五大主题：

社会福利，法律，商业，教育及医疗

2. 词汇资料文章将包含简单的词汇的相关背景知识

3. 能帮助同学们更加了解

Australian context，

加深对词汇的记忆

Diabetes

糖尿病

什么是糖尿病？

Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Symptoms of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.

metabolic disorders	代谢紊乱
prolonged period	长时间
frequent urination	尿频
pancreas	胰腺
insulin	胰岛素

糖尿病有哪些并发症呢？

If left untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. Acute complications can include diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or death. Serious long-term complications include cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcers, and damage to the eyes.

Complications	并发症
diabetic ketoacidosis	糖尿病酮症酸中毒
hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state	高渗性高血糖状态
cardiovascular disease	心血管疾病
chronic kidney disease	慢性肾病
foot ulcers	足溃疡

糖尿病有哪几种类型？

Type 1 diabetes results from the pancreas's failure to produce enough insulin due to loss of beta cells. This form was previously referred to as "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (IDDM) or "juvenile diabetes". The loss of beta cells is caused by an autoimmune response. The cause of this autoimmune response is unknown.

type 1 diabetes	1型糖尿病
Pancreas	胰腺
beta cells	β细胞
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	胰岛素依赖型糖尿病
juvenile diabetes	青少年糖尿病
autoimmune response	自身免疫反应

Type 2 diabetes begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to respond to insulin properly. As the disease progresses, a lack of insulin may also develop. This form was previously referred to as "non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (NIDDM) or "adult-onset diabetes". The most common cause is a combination of excessive body weight and insufficient exercise.

type 2 diabetes	2型糖尿病
insulin resistance	胰岛素抵抗
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病
adult-onset diabetes	成人发病型糖尿病
insufficient exercise	运动不足

Gestational diabetes is the third main form, and occurs when pregnant women without a previous history of diabetes develop high blood sugar levels.

Gestational diabetes

妊娠期糖尿病

如何治疗糖尿病呢？

Prevention and treatment involve maintaining a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, a normal body weight, and avoiding use of tobacco. Control of blood pressure and maintaining proper foot care are important for people with the disease.

Type 1 diabetes must be managed with insulin injections.

Type 2 diabetes may be treated with medications with or without insulin. Insulin and some oral medications can cause low blood sugar. Weight loss surgery in those with obesity is sometimes an effective measure in those with type 2 diabetes.

Gestational diabetes usually resolves after the birth of the baby.