Cam 8 Test 1 Passage 1A Chronicle of Timekeeping
1. chronicle年历，大纪事表 2. conception概念 3. archaeological考古的 4. advent出现 5. the Roman Empire罗马帝国 6. Babylonian巴比伦人 7. calendar日历 8. coordinate协调 9. communal公共的 10. harvest丰收 11. base on基于 12. solar太阳的 13. successive连续的 14. rotate旋转 15. on the axis在轴上 16. lunar月亮的 17. phase阶段 18. orbit轨道，绕轨道行驶 19. define定义 20. accompany伴随 21. revolution around围绕 22. planet星球 23. Paragraph 2 24. invention发明 25. artificial人工的 26. the equator赤道 27. waxing and waning月亮的阴晴圆缺 28. conspicuous明显的 29. latitudes纬度, longitudes经度 30. impact = influence (on)影响 31. crucial关键的 32. Paragraph 3 33. Egyptian埃及人 34. formulate形成 35. municipal城市的 36. approximate接近 37. the Nile尼罗河 38. interval间隔 39. spanning跨度 40. heaven 天堂 41. temporal hours 计时制 42. cosmic宇宙的，巨大的 43. equinox 日夜等长度 44. adopt采用 45. Greek希腊人 46. disseminate传播 47. Paragraph 4 48. sundial日晷 49. indicate指示 50. counterpart同类 51. basin盆子 | 52. dripped out滴出来 53. denote指示 54. inscribe刻写 55. inner 内部的 56. surface表面 57. device装置 58. perform表现 59. the Mediterranean地中海 60. Paragraph 5 61. adjust调整 62. arise升起 发生 63. evolve进化 64. scheme计划 65. vary, variation, varied, various, variety 66. at sunset日落 67. astronomical天文的 68. at midday中午= at noon 69. supersede = replace 替代 70. split分开 71. commence开始 72. Paragraph 6 73. weight-driven重力驱使的 74. aspect方面 75. timekeeper计时器 76. descending下降 / ascending上升 77. gear wheel齿轮 78. transferred转移 79. escapement跳钩 80. coiled spring = fuse发条 81. despite尽管 82. tension紧张 83. pendulum钟摆 吊坠 84. swing (swung) 摇荡 85. arc弧度 86. Paragraph 7 87. anchor船锚 88. lever-based以杠杆为基础的 89. release释放 90. Paragraph 8 91. instrument仪器 92. quartz石英 93. crystal水晶石 94. beam光柱 投射 95. GPS = Global Positioning System全球定位系统 96. satellite卫星 97. caliber,标准 calibrate标准化 98. precision = accuracy精度 99. navigation导航 100. instant立刻的，即时的 101. grid格子 网络 102. integral重要的基础的 |
经典句子
1. According to the archaeological evidence, at least 5,000 years ago, and long before the advent of the Roman Empire, the Babylonians began to measure time, introducing calendars to coordinate communal activities, to plan the shipment of goods and, in particular, to regulate planting and harvesting. 【译文】根据考古证明，至少在5千年以前，罗马帝国出现的很久以前，巴比伦人就开始测量时间了，引进日历来协调公共活动，计划货物运输，特别是规定耕种和收获。【讲解】1。introducing现在分词做伴随状语；2。三个并列动词不定式短语作了目的状语。3。短语in particular = particularly = especially需逗号。
2. The cosmic significance the Egyptians placed in the 12 decans led them to develop a system in which each interval of darkness was divided into a dozen equal parts. 【译文】埃及人在12群星宿所给的巨大意义在于使他们开发了一个把黑夜间隔时间12等份的系统。【讲解】定于从句修饰名词significance。
3. Temporal hours, which were first adopted by the Greeks and then the Romans, who disseminated them through Europe, remained in use for more than 2,500 years. 【译文】小时制，首先由希腊人采纳继而也被罗马人采用并在欧洲推广，已被沿用长达2300多年。【讲解】名词短语temporal hours作句子主语，中间被两个定语从句隔开，其谓语是remained in use。阅读一定要读主干，抓主谓宾成分。
4. With these, however, arose the question of when to begin counting, and so, in the early 14th century, a number of systems evolved. 【译文】然而，有了等时制，疑问也随之而起 – 到底什么时候开始计时呢？因此， 早在14世纪初，一些（计时）系统也发展起来。【讲解】这是一个倒装句，谓语动词arose是不及物动词，其主语是question.
5. The revolutionary aspect of this new timekeeper was neither the descending weight that provided its motive force nor the gear wheels that transferred the power; 【译文】这种新型计时器最革命性的一面，既不是下沉重物提供动力，也不是齿轮来转力。【讲解】短语neither…nor用于双重否定，不少学生惯用 was NOT…and…这是错误的。
6. Moreover, not only do time signals beamed down from Global Positioning System satellites calibrate the functions of precision navigation equipment, they do so as well for mobile phones, instant stock-trading systems and nationwide power-distribution grid. 【译文】而且，不仅那些从全球定位系统卫星投射下来的时间信号，对精确导航设备的功能进行标准化，而且它们也对移动手机，即时股票交易系统和全国电力分布网络功能作（时间）调整。【讲解】又是一个倒装，而且很典型 – not only出现在句首时。do 为助动词来帮助构成倒装，它经常有时态变化。划线部分为过去分词短语作后置定语。
7. So integral have these time-based technologies become to day-to-day existence that our dependency on them is recognized only when they fail to work. 【译文】这些以时间为基础的基础已变得如此重要，以致于只要它们失灵时，我们对它们的依赖便清晰可鉴。【讲解】无独有偶，倒装句。这次是以so引导，并不陌生。如：I drive to work. So does my son. I don’t smoke, neither does my wife。
scan me to achieve
scan me to achieve
