毫无疑问,介词,肯定跟芥末酱毫无关系。中文语法名词很多情况下让人‘丈二和尚摸不着头脑’,如代词,就不如代名词来得直接;非限定性动词,不如非谓语动词更了当,等等。
然而,英文则一目了然。Preposition - pre (预先,前置)+ position (位置)。港台语法书多为 ‘前置词’ 提法。小编想:介词的起源应该是用于表示方位或位置的, 继而又用到时间。举例说明:in Australia, across the country, off the road, etc.
介词的用法常常是固定搭配。你不潜心学习,不将他们烂熟于心,恐怕作文时,稍不留神就来了个乱‘搭讪’,最终招致扣分,至少将你的皮袄下藏着的‘短’暴露给考官了。这就应了那句古语:书到用时方恨少。
下列短语都在形容词前省略了系动词,如be, feel, get, become等等。由于是介词,故后接名词或动名词。
特别提醒:介词to,往往被认作是动词不定时符号的那个to, 导致不少童鞋误用成后接动词原形,这在作文里屡见不鲜。
accustomed to习惯于He is accustomed to the climate of low humidity in Victoria.
addicted to 上瘾
Chilren become addicted to cyber games.
afraid of 害怕
She is afraid of speaking in public.
anxious about 焦虑
Freshmen tend to be anxious about making the presentation.bored of 厌倦
I am bored of doing the routine job in the office.capable of 能够
Sally is capable of winning a gold medal at London Olympic Gamescommitted to 努力
Both individuals and governments should be committed to protecting the environment.concerned about 担心
Parents feel concerned about the malnutrition of their offspring.content with 满意
Commuters are never content with the public transportation.dedicated to 致力于 Governments are dedicated to ending poverty,numeracy and literacy.
devoted to 奉献于
The resource will be devoted to protecting the ecosystem of the planet.disappointed with失望
Australians were disappointed with winning silver medals in swimming.
discouraged by 挫败
Teenagers tend to be discouraged by unemployment.excited about 兴奋
The researchers felt excited about doing experiments in zoos.
famous for著名于
Melbourne is famous for its being environment friendly.
fond of 喜欢
Youngsters are fond of outdoor activities such as cycling.frightened of 惧怕
She is frightened of being alone at night.guilty of 内疚
The banker was guilty of stealing money.happy about 开心
He was happy about winning the lottery.interested in 有兴趣
She is interested in becoming a doctor.involved in 参与
The juvenile get involved in participating in the community events.known for 出名
Beijing is known for heritate buildings as well as traffic problems.opposed to 反对
They are opposed to building a freeway in the east.proud of 自豪
He was proud of having completed the triathlon.remembered for 牢记
She is remembered for protecting mountain gorillas.responsible for 负责
Tourists should be responsible for causing the damage to the attractions.scared of 害怕
Tina is scared of being alone at night.terrified of 惊悚于
The surfer is terrified of being attacked by a shark.
tired from 疲惫
She is tired from working all day.tired of 厌倦
Margaret is tired of making dinner every night.worried about 担心
The hikers were worried about not having enough water.