近期的PTE考试，Retell lecture频繁出新题，

小柠檬收集了近期最高频的Retell lecture，

让同学们复习机经时有更多优秀的学术资料，

能在考场上更有底气地回答出retell lecture的答案。

往期链接：

【PTE学术干货】最新高频Retell lecture精析 （一）

🐟 Shy fish 🐟

主要内容介绍：

这段内容来自Scientific American 60 seconds节目，

讲述了一段关于sticklebacks这种鱼的群体行为：

即害羞的鱼喜欢跟随和它们性格相似的领头鱼，

而比较大胆的鱼并不在意他们跟随哪一类型的领头鱼。

材料还提到大胆的鱼会游更远的距离、发起更多的旅程。

笔果还原听力原文：

When you think of a leader, you may think of an individual who is above all bold. But a new study of fish called sticklebacks shows that shy individuals actually prefer to follow fish that are similarly timid.

Researchers had trios of sticklebacks with known personalities play follow the leader. The fish were placed in a tank that had some plastic plants at one end and some food hidden at the other. In some of the groups, a bold fish and a shy fish acted as leaders, while another shy fish followed. And in other groups, it was a bold fish that did the following. The researchers recorded whether the follower sallied forth more frequently with the fish that was behaviorally similar or the one that was different.

What they found is that shy fish were more likely to emerge from under cover when an equally wary fellow was already out there. Bold follower fish did not seem to care which leader they followed.

Of course, no matter which fish a stickleback chose to stick with, the bold fish did lead more expeditions over the course of the experiment than their more retiring friends. That’s because the bold fish initiated more trips, regardless of who might be tailing them. The findings are in the journal Biology Letters.

The researchers write that “when offered a choice of leaders, sticklebacks prefer to follow individuals whose personality matches their own, but bolder individuals may, nevertheless, be able to impose their leadership, even among shy followers, simply through greater effort.” We may soon see if such tendencies also hold true in humans, when Americans decide who they’ll follow in November. Unless, of course, something fishy happens.

听力词汇/词组：

Retell lecture要点：

1. 研究概况与结论:

The recent research shows that…

The fish called stickleback…

Shy individuals tend to follow leaders with similar personality.

2. 描述实验：

Three groups of fish were recorded…

Shy fish tends to follow similarly timid fish,

While bold fish doesn’t care which leader they follow.

3. stickleback鱼的其他特点：

Bold fish tends to initiate more expeditions, therefore, they tend to lead more trips than timid fish.

4. 类比例子：

If this characteristic applies to human, in November (暗示美国大选) people will decide who to follow unless something fishy happens.

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