【CCL资料】CCL法律词汇系列（一）：Australian court hierarchy,笔果英语微信公众号文章

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今天小柠檬开启CCL词汇的又开启一个新的主题

法律篇~（撒花欢迎“法律”同学与大家见面）

今天就介绍就关于法律最基本的知识

“澳大利亚法院等级”

（Australian court hierarchy）

CCL词汇系列：

1. 涵盖笔果课程五大主题：

社会福利，法律，商业，教育及医疗

2. 词汇资料文章将包含简单的词汇的相关背景知识

3. 能帮助同学们更加了解

Australian context，

加深对词汇的记忆

Australian court hierarchy

The Australian court system has a hierarchy which determines which types of cases are heard in each court. The High Court of Australia sits at the apex of the Australian court hierarchy as the ultimate court of appeal on matters of both federal and State law. The large number of courts in Australia have different procedural powers and characteristics, different jurisdictional limits, different remedial powers and different cost structures.

heard in	审理
sits at the apex of	位于..顶端
ultimate court of appeal	最终上诉法院
powers and characteristics	诉讼权限和特点
jurisdictional limits	管辖权范围
remedial powers	补偿权
cost structures	费用结构

Australian court hierarchy

Level 1

High Court of Australia：

(高等法院)

The High Court is the highest court in Australia. It has appellate jurisdiction over all other courts. It also has some original jurisdiction, and has the power of constitutional review. The High Court of Australia is the superior court to all federal courts, and is also the final route of appeal from all state superior courts.

Appellate jurisdiction	上诉管辖权
Original jurisdiction	原始管辖权
Constitutional review	宪法审查
Final route of appeal	最终上诉途径

Level 2

State/territory courts

（地方政府法院）

It will hear criminal matters that are created by federal legislation. That is, legislation that applies to all States and Territories.

criminal matters	刑事案件
federal legislation	联邦立法

commonwealth courts

（联邦法院）

The court has original jurisdiction in these areas, and also has the power to hear appeals from a number of tribunals and other bodies

original jurisdiction	原始管辖权
tribunals	仲裁庭

Level 3

Supreme court

（州最高法院）

The Supreme Court in each jurisdiction is the highest court in that State or Territory. It has two divisions, the Trial Division and the Court of Appeal. The Trial Division handles civil cases over $250,000 and serious criminal cases, e.g., involving murder, manslaughter, and serious drug offenses. The Court of Appeals, comprising panels of three or five judges, hears appeals from the lower courts.

Jurisdiction	管辖区
Trial Division	审判司
Court of Appeal	上诉法院
Manslaughter	过失杀人
Panels	小组

Federal court and family court

（联邦家庭法院）

The Federal Court primarily hears matters relating to corporations, trade practices, industrial relations, bankruptcy, customs, immigration and other areas of federal law.

Corporations	公司
trade practices	贸易惯例
industrial relations	劳资关系
customs	海关

The Family Court has jurisdiction over family law matters. It deals with family law matters, such as divorce applications, parenting disputes, and the division of property when a couple separate

Family law matters	家庭法律事务
Divorce applications	离婚申请
Parenting disputes	养育纠纷
Division of property	财产分割

Level 4

Intermediate court

(country/district court)

(中级法院)

Matters in these courts are heard by a Judge. It exercises appellate jurisdiction from the Magistrate's Court as well as original jurisdiction in more serious civil cases and in some criminal cases, e.g, involving fraud, armed robbery, and rape. These courts also conduct criminal trials with juries for indictable offences.

heard by	审理
Judge	法官
appellate jurisdiction	上诉审判权
fraud	欺诈
armed robbery	武装抢劫
rape	强奸
criminal trials with juries	陪审团的刑事审判

Federal magistrates court

（联邦地方法院）

The lowest level is the Federal Circuit Court of Australia, created in 1999 as the Federal Magistrates Court. it hears most matters that reach court. There is no jury and each matter is heard and determined by a judicial officer.

Judicial officer

司法官员

Level 5

Lower court (Local/magistrates court)

初级法院，地方法院

Local Court and Magistrates’ Courts hear less serious matters and are heard by a Magistrate.The role of the Local or Magistrates Court in criminal matters varies in each State and Territory.It deals with minor civil disputes and minor criminal cases such as theft and drunk-driving. There is no jury in the Magistrate's Court

Magistrate

治安法官

今天的内容真的是干货满满

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