首先,重要的事情一定要说三遍:
关键是还必须是一句话! 一句话!一句话!
但是单个句子越长,成分就越复杂,犯错误的可能性也就越高。
错误1:一个句中出现两个以上的动词
当把相同主语的两个不同句子合二为一时,经常会的犯的错。
错例:Students receive job training can become competitive in the labour market.
这个句子中有两个动词,receive和can become,而一句话中应该只有一个谓语动词。于是改正的话就得添加一个从句结构。
Students who receive job training can become competitive in the labour market;
Students can become competitive in the labour market if they receive skills training.
也可利用ing形式:
Students receiving job training can become competitive in the labour market.
错误2:there be句型中谓语没有随名词改变
描述客观事实时,经常犯的错。
错例:There is a number of countries which know that they will soon be underwater if global warming is permitted to continue.
这里There be 结构中的主语是countries, 所以谓语动词要用are.
There are a number of countries which know that they will soon be underwater if global warming is permitted to continue.
错误3:主谓不一致
涉及插入成分时,经常会出现的错误。
有时在SWT中大家要会写一些比较复杂的句式,例如插入成分或同谓语成分。在写作的过程当中,每每遇到以上几种情况的时候,一定要认清主语,所有的补充内容都是针对主要展开的。
例如:Thomas Edison, one of the most distinguished scientists, is a brilliant inventor.
这里在写完第二个逗号的时候,就应该回过头来看看主语Thomas Edison是单数的第三人称,而不能被插入成分中的scientists所蒙蔽。所以这里的谓语要用is 而不是are.
错例:Cardiopathy, coupled with poor diet, lead to severe diabetes.
这就话中主语为cardiopathy, 谓语应该为单三形式。
Cardiopathy, coupled with poor diet, leads to severe diabetes.
错误4:不及物动词和系动词写了被动语态
主动转被动时的语法错误。
happen, appear, disappear, rise, emerge, occur, take place 这些词都没有被动语态。
错例:The accident was similar to the one that was happened last year.
改正:The accident was similar to the one that happened last year.
错误5:丢失冠词
当不是复数时,丢失冠词。
错例:A part-time job offers you chance to demonstrate your ability and apply what you have learned in school.
改正:A part-time job offers you a chance to demonstrate your ability and apply what you have learned in school.
错误6:词性混淆
词性乱用
错例:A large number of people hold the believe that students' social activities should be the first priority.
改正:A large number of people hold the belief that students' social activities should be the first priority.
这个例子中believe是动词,belief才是名词形式。虽然发音相近,但是用法却完全不同。
NOTE:另外一些写作的小细节也不能忽视,比如虽然可以自由选择英式或是美式拼写,但无论选择英式或者美式需要全文统一为其中一种,不能混淆。