incur /ɪn’kɜː/ vt. 招致产生 a daily fine

proposal /prə’pəʊz(ə)l/ n. 提议，建议

tide is turning

Not only does homework have very little impact on children’s learning but it also puts unnecessary obligations /ɒblɪ’geɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 义务

and responsibilities onto the parents.

offspring /‘ɒfsprɪŋ/ n. 后代，子孙

reconcile /‘rek(ə)nsaɪl/ vt. 使一致；使和解 it with traditional scholarly practices

discipline /‘dɪsɪplɪn/ n. 学科；纪律

cramped /kræmpt/ adj. 狭窄的 living condition

physical or mental /‘ment(ə)l/ adj. 精神的 well-being

anguish  /‘æŋgwɪʃ/ n. 痛苦；苦恼

overcrowd /əʊvə’kraʊd/ vi. 过度拥挤 vt. 使过度拥挤

educational attainment /ə’teɪnm(ə)nt/ n. 达到；成就

synthetic /sɪn’θetɪk/

eco-tourism n. 生态旅游

sustainable  /sə’steɪnəb(ə)l/ 可持续的, nature-based

well-founded /‘wel’faudid/ adj. 有根据的；理由充足的

viable /‘vaɪəbl/ adj. 可行的

a marketing ploy /plɒɪ/ n. 策略；活动；工作

which supposedly /sə’pəʊzɪdlɪ/ adv. 可能；按照推测 protect the environment

to name just a few

legitimately /li’dʒitimitli/ adv. 合理地；正当地

conclusively /kən’klu:sivli/ adv. 最后地；决定性地

200 years ago roughly /‘rʌflɪ/ 粗糙地 

coincides /,kəʊɪn’saɪd/

with the beginning of the industrial revolution in the northern 

hemisphere /‘hemɪsfɪə/n. 半球

get going开始；出发；着手

accelerate /ək’seləreɪt/ vt. 使……加快；使……增速

to my mind

A subject that’s probably close to all your hearts

human grader /‘greɪdə/ n. 分级机；分类机

endangered /ɪn’deɪndʒəd/ adj. 濒临灭绝的

species /‘spiːʃiːz/ n. 物种；种类

cod n. 鳕鱼；愚弄；哄骗

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