讲解之前，同学们不妨先做一下例题1的热身训练：

【例1】The writer quotes from the Worldwide Fund for Nature to illustratehow

A.    influential the mass media can be.

B.    effective environmental groups can be.

C.    the mass media can help groups raise funds.

D.    environmental groups can exaggerate theirclaims.

【例1】原文：

Secondly,environmental groups need to be noticed by the mass media. They also need tokeep the money rolling in. Understandably, perhaps, they sometimes overstatetheir arguments. In 1997, for example, the World Wide Fund for Nature issued apress release entitled: ‘Two thirds of the world’s forests lost forever’. Thetruth turns out to be nearer 20%.

选择题中有一种出题方式为：作者意图(purpose)，其题干模式为：

The writer quote/refer to/mention + examples + to illustrate/demonstrate

即作者引用/提及 某例子来说明xx道理，示例如下：

The writer quotes from the Worldwide Fund for Nature toillustrate how

这时候，我们要学会切换视角，从读者视角切换到作者视角，即假设你是作者，你想说服别人相信某一个点，于是举例说明，那么，你的论点会在哪里？如何提出？

• 小明经常说谎。举个栗子，他身高才160，却到处跟别人说是170。

• 在以上例子中，作者想读者相信的是：小明经常说谎。

• 用来论证的事例是：小明虚报其身高为170。

• 连接词是：举个栗子

归纳模式：中心+例子(for example/for instance/in fact)

即先提出中心句，再提出事例论证

了解模式后，我们回到原文去分析这道题目及选项

Secondly, environmental groups need tobe noticed by the mass media. They also need to keep the money rolling in.Understandably, perhaps, they sometimes overstate their arguments. In1997, forexample, the World Wide Fund for Nature issued a press releaseentitled: ‘Two thirds of the world’s forests lost forever’. The truth turns outto be nearer 20%.

思路：

当我们在第三行发现for example，我们可以将这一句定性为例子，那么，作者举例说明的中心在哪里呢？---上一句，即they overstate their arguments-夸大说法。锁定答案句，并根据答案句关键词overstate、arguments寻找对应选项，不难发现答案为D

替换词总结：

overstate=exaggerate、arguments=claims

【例2】In the second paragraph, the writer refersto a shape-matching test in order to illustrate

A. thesubjective nature of art appreciation.

B. thereliance of modern art on abstract forms.

C. ourtendency to be influenced by the opinions of others.

D. acommon problem encountered when processing visual data.

提示：定位例子-往前找中心句-根据中心句寻找替换

【例2】原文：

Could the same approach also shed lighton abstract twentieth-century pieces, from Mondrian’s geometrical blocks ofcolour, to Pollock’s seemingly haphazard arrangements of splashed paint oncanvas? Sceptics believe that people claim to like such works simply becausethey are famous. We certainly do have an inclination to follow the crowd. Whenasked to make simple perceptual decisions such as matching a shape to itsrotated image, for example, people often choose a definitively wrong answer ifthey see others doing the same. It is easy to imagine that this mentality wouldhave even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art appreciation, where there isno right or wrong answer.

解析：答案C

中心句：(原文第4行/5行) We certainlydo have an inclination to follow the crowd.

关键词：inclination倾向+follow the crowd跟从大众

寻找替换：C.     our tendency to be influenced by theopinions of others.

inclination=tendency、be influenced by theopinions of others=follow the crowd

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