各位学霸们好，今天黄老师给大家带来上周六（2021.2.27）雅思大作文真题和范文。上周考题如下：
Water scarcity is a serious problem in many countries. What are the causes of this？And what solutions can be done by individuals and the government?
这道题为report类型的题目，对于该类题目，同学们请切记黄老师说的以下几点：
1. report类型题目千万不要给立场！千万不要给立场！千万不要给立场！不要在文章最后出现类似‘我认为这是好事坏事’‘我同不同意这件事’这样的立场，结尾段写总结即可。
2. 在写原因是千万不能出现专业知识和具体数据，很多情况下这类题目会和同学们的专业知识重合，但是雅思大作文要求的是用常识论述问题，出现专业知识一律低分。所以对于该题千万不要用专业水资源管理的理论，或者全球变暖的专业理论来论述，同学们可以参考下文黄老师的选点，看一下如何用常识论述问题。
3. 在写解决措施的时候切忌‘假大空‘，解决方案需要落实到位，比如：
题目：如何解决小孩玩手机的问题。
假大空：我们应该呼吁小孩少玩手机，提倡一种健康的生活方式。
正确解决：家长应该起到带头和监督的作用，自己少玩手机，同时在休息时间带孩子多进行户外运动，培养孩子的良好习惯。
同学们请记住黄老师上面说的要点哦！那么，接下来我们一起来看范文吧：
黄威老师
雅培英语名师
2021.2.27真题
Water scarcity is a serious problem in many countries. What are the causes of this？And what solutions can be done by individuals and the government?
满分词汇：
deplete v. 耗尽
irrigation n. 灌溉
extract v. 萃取
scarcity n. 稀缺
garden sprinklers n. 花园喷头
label v. 标记
drive v. 驱动
tiered adj. 分级的
progressively adv. 逐步地
lawn watering n. 花园浇水
原因段1：
Due to the expanding human population, consumption of water is growing such that fresh water in various regions are becoming depleted. This is due both for direct human consumption as well as agricultural irrigation by groundwater: millions of pumps of all sizes are currently extracting groundwater throughout the world, and irrigation in dry areas is being extracted from groundwater at an unsustainable rate.
原因段2：
On the other hand, climate change could have significant impacts on water scarcity around the world. It has been confirmed with sound scientific evidence that droughts resulted from climate change has become more frequent in different regions globally, which leads to an increase in demand for farm irrigation, garden sprinklers, and perhaps even swimming pools.
解决段1：
National water program can be and has already been launched by various governments to encourage more efficient domestic, industrial, and agricultural water use. For instance, water management scheme in some countries labels domestic water products with their consumption information, influencing purchasing decisions and driving both reductions in demand for water and competition amongst suppliers.
解决段2：
Other strategies include tiered water rates, which charge progressively higher prices as water use increases, or restrictions on outdoor water use such as lawn watering and car washing during drought season. Besides, various household water applications employing the latest technologies, ranging from low-flush toilet to household greywater recycling system, should also be encouraged or subsidized to reduce and recycle water.
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