【SST】真题讲解：SST难点题目British Environmental Law的出处与解法,IPENGLISH黄老师微信公众号文章

听说关注了IPENGLISH的同学都考到了高分哦

SST难点题目British Environmental Law的出处与解法

黄威老师

雅培英语名师

以下文章为Summarize Spoken Text中的难点文章，其原文如下，没有练过的同学可以读一遍找找点：

向上滑动阅览全文

Before we consider international environmental law and climate change, we need to consider domestic legislation, as it is within the sovereign states that international law is put into practice. This reflects the environmentalists' maxim, 'think globally act locally'.

Almost all areas of trade and industry were subject to very detailed legislative controls at that time, although some were governed by 'self- regulation' in the form of guilds, who regulated both supply and methods of production. However, the measures implemented were mostly ineffective because then, as now, the specifying of legal duties and standards without providing any appropriate enforcement merely indicated good intentions but were of little practical effect.

The next stage was prompted by the Industrial Revolution with the urbanization of society and its profound effects on the environment. Local industrialists used the Adam Smith model to maximize their economic benefit, but this was to the detriment of the local environment with the operation of’ Gresham’s Law' that is, the bad drives out the good. Those industrialists who were concerned for either the health of their employees or the local environment faced higher costs than their competitors. The result was the need for increasingly comprehensive statutory controls on the discharge of pollutants into various receiving media.

解说分割线

容易出错点分析

很多学生会对文章的第一句话：“Before we consider international environmental law and climate change we need to consider domestic legislation” 产生非常大的误解；错误地认为该文章是讲International Environmental Law 和 Domestic Legislation之间的关系的。

但是其实，这篇文章里根本就没有出现过International Environmental Law，全文都是关于英国环境法的。

这是为什么呢，黄老师在网上扒出了该题的原文，链接如下：

http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/975/1/2002_6_1%262.pdf

而该题所选的部分为文章的开头章节；即下图中的Setting the scene of environmental regulation in the United Kingdom； 也就是这部分的内容是为了原文中后半截的国际法作为铺垫的，而该部分在题目中是没有出现的！这也就是很多学生造成误解的地方了。

解说分割线

那让我们再回到这道题中；我们一段一段的来分析这篇文章：

第一段分析：

Before we consider international environmental law and climate change we need to consider domestic legislation, as it is within the sovereign states that international law is put into practice. This reflects the environmentalists' maxim, 'think globally act locally'.

第一段中需要概括的为红色标出的部分，原因是该部分指出了作者后面反复提及的研究英国环境法的目的 - 为了给研究国际环境法作铺垫。

第二段详细分析：

United Kingdom legislative control over the impacts of mans' activity on the environment is not new. As long ago as the reign of Charles II the main concern was the production of smoke from the burning of 'sea coal. Almost all areas of trade and industry were subject to very detailed legislative controls at that time, although some were governed by 'self- regulation' in the form of guilds, who regulated both supply and methods of production. However, the measures implemented were mostly ineffective because then, as now, the specifying of legal duties and standards without providing any appropriate enforcement merely indicated good intentions but were of little practical effect.

第二段需要概括的依旧为红色标出的部分。第二段围绕展开的主旨为人类活动所造成的环境影响的立法控制（注意时态），中间部分为具体的立法说明不需要概括，而在该段末尾出现了其法律所产生的结果：效果很小，因为只列出了企业责任而并未指导具体做法。

第三段详细分析

最后一段和上一段的结构比较类似；我们的重点也可以放在‘事情-结果’中。该段的事情为‘工业革命和城市化对环境产生了深远的影响’。而其结果为‘需要更加完善的法律来控制污染物的排放’

所以，同学们在做这类文章时重点应该为理解其主旨与逻辑关系；而不是放在某些具体的词上。只有在理解文章中点与点的关系以后；再用自己的话复述出来对应的逻辑，才为最佳的练习方式（因为考试中肯定是无法记住整句话的！）。

所以正确答案的思路为：

1. 研究英国环境法的目的 - 为了给后面研究国际环境法作为铺垫

2. 英国早有对人类活动所造成的环境影响的立法控制，但其法律所产生的效果很小，因为只列出了企业责任而并未指导具体做法

3. 工业革命和城市化对环境产生了深远的影响，所以需要更加完善的法律来控制污染物的排放

总结

最后黄老师想提醒大家：

在现阶段PTE机经的量已经非常大的情况下，不推荐根据所谓的标准答案死记硬背；记住文章的思路按照自己的话翻译才为王道！

更多课程详情请咨询