汪文斌:反华学者郑国恩炮制谎言的四种手法

2020年12月16日 中国驻澳大利亚大使馆




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“外交部发言人办公室”消息,在12月15日外交部例行记者会上,有记者问:今天上午,“全球政策中心”发布报告称,每年有50多万新疆民众被迫从事棉花采摘工作。有关报道称,在中国,绝大多数棉花采摘是通过“强迫劳动”完成的。你对此有何评论?

Süddeutsche Zeitung:The Center for Global Policy published this morning a report suggesting that every year more than 500,000 people in Xinjiang are forced to pick cotton. The report claims that the majority of cotton grown in China is harvested by forced labor. Could you please comment?


汪文斌:我们已多次就所谓“强迫劳动”问题阐述了中方立场。我愿意重申,中国公民按照《劳动法》、《劳动合同法》等法律和有关行政法规的规定,在平等自愿、协商一致的原则基础上,与用工单位签订劳动合同,获取相应报酬,根本不存在某些别有用心的人所称的“强迫劳动”的情况。


帮助各族群众实现稳定就业与“强迫劳动”,这完全是两个概念。国际劳工组织《强迫劳动公约》将“强迫劳动”定义为:“以任何惩罚相威胁,强迫任何人从事的非本人自愿的一切劳动或服务”。新疆各族劳动者根据自己的意愿选择职业,本着平等自愿的原则与企业依法签订劳动合同,不会因民族、性别、宗教信仰不同而受到任何歧视。新疆各级政府充分尊重少数民族群众就业意愿,并为自愿报名的劳动者提高就业所需技能提供必要的培训。《新疆少数民族劳动就业调查报告》显示,被调查的4个村村民自愿外出就业意愿平均值高达86.5%,表明少数民族群众自愿外出就业意愿十分强烈。截至2019年年底,全疆累计脱贫人口达292.32万人,贫困发生率由2014年的19.4%降至1.24%。


有关报道还提到了一些所谓“再教育营”的图片,我可以告诉你的是,一些西方媒体把新疆拥有外墙的建筑都视为“拘留中心”,事实上,它们所提及的所谓“拘留中心”都是一些民事机构。比如,所谓吐鲁番市“拘留中心”实际上是当地行政机构的办公大楼,还有所谓喀什市“拘留中心”实际上是当地高中等院校。这些在谷歌、百度地图中都有标注,大家可以查阅。


我还注意到,你提到的有关报告的作者名叫郑国恩。有媒体曾经多次披露,郑国恩实际上是美国政府成立的极右翼组织成员,也是美国情报机构操纵设立的反华研究机构骨干,以炮制反华谣言、诽谤中国为生,他的所谓报告毫无信誉和学术价值、学术操守可言。我愿意介绍几个郑国恩炮制谎言的手法,供大家参考。


一是“数据造假”。前一段时间,郑国恩曾经抛出所谓“中国政府在新疆实行强制绝育”的虚假报告,宣称“2018年中国80%的宫内节育器的新增数量发生在新疆”。但事实是,根据中国国家卫健委的数据,2018年新疆新增放置节育器的数量仅占全国总数的8.7%。


二是“无中生有”。他在这个报告当中捏造了一个将违法生育者送入教培中心的所谓“墨玉名单”。但事实是,这个名单上的人员绝大多数是墨玉县当地街道的居民,他们一直在当地正常工作和生活。只有极个别受到宗教极端思想感染、有轻微违法犯罪行为的人才依法接受职业技能教育培训。


三是“妄加揣测”。郑国恩在报告中声称新疆对当地少数民族妇女进行过度频繁检查,试图以此佐证中国政府对生育过一个孩子的维吾尔族妇女进行强制节育。但是,他的报告当中没有任何证据可以佐证,维吾尔族妇女选择在生育一孩后使用宫内节育器进行避孕是政府强迫的行为。这个所谓结论不过是郑国恩自己妄加揣测的产物。


四是“玩弄数字游戏”。郑国恩声称,2018年新疆和田市古勒巴格街道汉族人口自然增长率是和田县人口自然增长率的近8倍。我们且不说,拿一个街道的人口增长率和一个县的人口自然增长率作比较,在人口统计学上完全没有任何学术价值,就拿事实而言,如果我们对比2017年和2018年新疆和田地区汉族人口与维吾尔族人口的数量变动情况,可以发现,汉族人口总数是下降的,而维吾尔族人口总数是增加的。郑国恩所谓“中国政府在新疆推行汉族殖民政策”的说法纯属谎言,没有任何事实依据。


我们希望,媒体朋友及各界有识之士能够明辨是非,尊重事实,不要被郑国恩这样的制假造假、以反华作为学术研究出发点的人以及他们的种种欺骗手法所蒙蔽。

Wang Wenbin: We already stated China's position on the so-called "forced labor" issue on multiple occasions. According to laws including Labor Law, Labor Contract Law, and relevant administrative regulations, Chinese citizens sign voluntarily contracts with their employers on the basis of equality and consensus and get due payment. There is no "forced labor" alleged by some with ulterior motives.

Helping people of all ethnic groups secure stable employment is entirely different from "forced labor". According to the Forced Labor Convention of the International Labor Organization, the term "forced labor" means all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily". All ethnic groups in Xinjiang choose their occupations according to their own will and sign employment contracts of their own volition in accordance with law on the basis of equality. They will not be discriminated against because of their ethnicity, gender or religious belief. Governments at all levels in Xinjiang fully respect the will of ethnic minority people in their employment choices and provide training for those who wish to improve the skills needed for employment. According to the Investigation Report on Employment of Ethnic Minorities in Xinjiang, 86.5% of the labor force in four surveyed villages are willing to work outside their hometown, which indicates that the ethnic minorities have a strong willingness of voluntarily going out for jobs. By the end of 2019, a total of 2.9232 million people in Xinjiang had been lifted out of poverty, and the incidence of poverty had fallen from 19.4 percent in 2014 to 1.24 percent.

This report you talked about mentioned the so-called photos of "reeducation centers". Some western media absurdly take any walled-building in Xinjiang as "detention center", but the fact is they are all civil institutions. For instance, the so-called "detention centers" in Tulufan are actually the buildings of the local administrative offices, and the "detention centers" in Kashi are actually local high school campuses, all of which are marked out on Google and Baidu maps. You all can check on them.

I noted that the author of this report is Adrian Zenz. The media has repeatedly disclosed that he is a member of a far-right organization founded by the U.S. government and a key member of anti-China institute set up by the U.S. intelligence agency, making a living from fabricating rumors and slanders against China. His so-called report does not have the slightest of credibility and academic integrity in it. I'd like to name some of his tricks to cook up falsehood for your reference.

First, data fraud. In his report on so-called forced sterilization, Adrian Zenz claimed that "in 2018, 80 percent of all net added IUD placements in China were performed in Xinjiang", but the fact is that Xinjiang accounted for only 8.7 percent of the country's new IUD placements in 2018, according to China's National Health Commission.

Second, fabrications out of thin air. Adrian Zenz fabricated a so-called "Karakax (Moyu) List" where the most frequently cited internment reason was a violation of birth control. In fact, most of the people in the list are local residents of the Moyu county, who have been leading a normal life there. Only a very small number of people who have been affected by religious extremism and committed minor crimes have received vocational education and training in accordance with the law.

Third, groundless speculations. Adrian Zens alleged that women of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang receive excessively frequent checks and tried to use it as the evidence to prove that the Chinese government imposed forced sterilization on Uighur women who have given birth to a child. But there was no evidence in his report that women were forced by the government to use IUDs after having a child. His so-called conclusion is nothing but the product of his own wild conjecture.

Fourth, numbers game. Adrian Zens claimed that the natural population growth of Han ethnicity in Gulbagh Residential District is nearly eight times higher than that of Hotan County in 2018, using this as an example to lash out at the so-called policy of "Han settler colonialism". The comparison of natural population growth rate between a residential district and a county is of no academic value demographically. Speaking of facts, if we compare the changes of Han population and Uyghur population in Hotan in 2017 and 2018, we can find that the total of Han population is decreasing, while that of Uyghur population is increasing. Adrian Zens' allegation that the Chinese government is doubling down on a policy of "Han settler colonialism" is a complete lie without any factual basis.

We hope that friends from the media and people in other sectors can distinguish right from wrong, respect the facts, and do not be deceived by people like Adrian Zens, who use every possible means to make falsehood in academic research just to serve anti-China purposes.

来源:外交部发言人办公室

 

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