SST除了背高频,还有什么办法么?

原创 2019年09月23日 7PLUS英语


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作为PTE考试的一道听力大题,SST的地位非常明显。这道题顾名思义,理清全文的脉络自然是它的一个考察要点。有部分同学可能做过大量的泛听训练,他们往往在做听力练习的时候能比较轻松地找到重点,而大多数同学可能即使有一定听力基础,但对于全文重点的摘取会比较纠结。

那么如何识别一段音频中的重要信息点呢?是否有一些捷径去跳过大量的泛听而高效地提高抓取重点的能力?


首先想要把握好我们所听内容的要点,先得弄清楚给我们说话的对象。在PTE考试中,听力的音频往往截取自大学授课、讲座或者是一段采访或播报。可以想象当一位教授站在所有人前面讲课的时候,他此时讲到了重点的情景。那么为了让所有学生听到,他往往会加大音量,或说得格外清楚,或用比较简单且清晰的表达,甚至是三者同时具备。那么这些信号其实都仿佛在说:“现在是重点,请仔细听”。其实这种现象不仅仅出现在讲课或讲座中,在采访或播报中也会常常出现,尤其是上述的第三种现象:清晰且简单的表达。反过来说,当大家听到较快且不够清晰的表达,完全没必要慌,这很大概率不是重点。

 

其次,在听的内容上,也会出现一些规律来帮助我们定位重点。

1. 相信这条规律大部分人都知道,贯穿全文的一些特殊名词必然是重点,往往整段话说的就是这件事。

2. 当出现类似well, now, hmm这类的词,表明说话的人是在组织语言,那么接下来的内容当然也要仔细听并且拿起笔去记。

3. 当听到一些表达转折关系的词例如:but,neverthelesshowever,说明接下来的内容是对之前内容的一个否定,往往是在强调后者。

4. 除此之外,一些代入语,比如"thestudy shows that", "the result of this experiment is that", "theybelieve that"也是非常明确地在告诉你这些地方是重点。


下面通过一段材料的文本来分析这段话的重点:

‘Technological nature’ … you mayhave heard this term. .. it’s a term used to describea picture of a natural scene that’s been produced using computer graphics sothat basically it isn’t a real view – say of a garden or field – it’s a virtualone – it’s a picture that looks like a real scene, Now,looking at scenes of nature is known to have an effect on people’s health andwell-being. So for someone who’s ill, for a patient in a hospital, does avirtual view of a garden have the same impact as a real one? Does it have thesame beneficial effects when you look at it? Because that would be good. Well,um, if you test this out, if you put a group of people in a roomwith a real view and another group of people in a room with a virtual view – anunreal view – you can see what happens when they get stressed. If you give bothgroups a task that is slightly stressful and increases their heart rate and, um,what you’ll find is that the people who have the real garden sceneoutside their window to look at – their heart rate goes back to normal morequickly than those of the people in the other group who only have a virtualview to look at. So, yes, there is a difference– people’s recovery from stress is faster in the room with the real view.

通过这些线索,我们可以找出重点

1. Technological nature is a picture of an atural scene produced by computers

2. Looking at scenes of nature can have effect on people's health and well-being

3. When you have two groups of people in aroom with different views, you will find different results.

4. People's recovery from stress is faster in the room with the real view.

 

以上所有信息点都基本是通过之前总结的规律,直接根据听到的内容去做笔记能达到的效果,需要注意的是第3点做了一些缩减处理,因为原文较长的缘故,那么这类情况需要同学们在听懂的前提下,自己去快速地做一些概括总结。


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