SWT一直都是PTE考试的重中之重，由于PTE的交叉打分机制，SWT一定程度上也决定着阅读分数的高低。但因为机经命中率比较高，考生往往忽略了练习的重要性，背一遍机经就去考试了。考试的时候如果纯靠回忆，很容易在高度紧张的时候忘记，而且一旦题目稍有变化将会不知所措，大大影响作文成绩。所以在备考阶段，对每篇SWT真题进行透彻的学习和分析，才是正确的复习方法。

以下是高频考题Biology and Climatology的分析，并附上高分参考答案。

原文：

Ecology is the study of interactions of organisms among themselves and with their environment. It seeks to understand patterns in nature(e.g., the spatial and temporal distribution of organisms) and the processes governing those patterns. Climatologyis the study of the physical state of the atmosphere – its instantaneousstate or weather, its seasonal-to-interannual variability, its long-termaverage condition or climate, and how climate changes over time. These two fields of scientific study are distinctly different. Ecology is a discipline within the biological sciences andhas as its core the principle of natural selection. Climatology is a discipline within the geophysical sciences based on applied physics and fluid dynamics. Both, however, share a common history.

The origin of these sciences is attributed to Aristotle and Theophrastus and their books Meteorological and Enquiry into Plants, respectively, but their modern beginnings trace back to natural history andplant geography. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century naturalists and geographers saw changes in vegetation as they explored new regions and laid the foundation for the development of ecology and climatology as they sought explanations for these geographic patterns. Alexander von Humboldt, in the early 1800s,observed that widely separated regions have structurally and functionally similar vegetation if their climates are similar. Alphonse de Candollehy pothesized that latitudinal zones of tropical, temperate, and arctic vegetation are caused by temperature and in 1874 proposed formal vegetation zones with associated temperature limits.

第一段：

Ecology is the study of interactions of organisms among themselves and with their environment. It seeks to understand patterns in nature(e.g., the spatial and temporal distribution of organisms) and the processes governing those patterns. Climatologyis the study of the physical state of the atmosphere – its instantaneousstate or weather, its seasonal-to-interannual variability, its long-termaverage condition or climate, and how climate changes over time. These two fields of scientific study are distinctly different.

生态学是研究生物体之间及其与环境之间相互作用的学科。它试图了解自然界的模式（例如：生物的时空分布）以及控制这些模式的过程。气候学是研究大气的物理状态------瞬时状态或天气，它的季节到年际间变化，它的长期平均状态或气候，以及气候如何随着时间变化。这两个科学研究领域截然不同。

第二段：

 Ecology is a discipline within the biological sciences andhas as its core the principle of natural selection. Climatology is a discipline within the geophysical sciences based on applied physics and fluid dynamics. Both, however, share a common history.

生态学是生物科学中的一门学科，其核心是自然选择原则。气候学是以应用物理学和流体力学为基础的地球物理学科中的一门学科。然而，两者都有着共同的历史。

从这两段中我们可以知道生态学和气候学是两门完全不同的学科，这里介绍了他们各自属于哪个领域，以及他们的研究方向。但最后提到他们有着共同的历史，从而引出第二段。

1. Ecologyis the study of interactions of organisms among themselves and with their environment, and is a discipline within the biological sciences and has as its core the principle of natural selection.

2. Climatology is the study of the physical state of the atmosphere, and is a discipline within the geophysical sciences based on applied physics and fluid dynamics.

第三段：

The origin of these sciences is attributed to Aristotle and Theophrastus and their books Meteorological and Enquiry into Plants, respectively, but their modern beginnings trace back to natural history andplant geography. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century naturalists and geographers saw changes in vegetation as they explored new regions and laid the foundation for the development of ecology and climatology as they sought explanations for these geographic patterns. 

这些科学的起源分别归功于亚里士多德和提奥弗拉斯托斯及其著作《气象》和《植物研究》，但它们的现代起源可追溯到自然历史和植物地理学。第十七、第十八和十九世纪博物学家和地理学家在探索新的区域时看到了植被的变化，为生态学和气候学的发展奠定了基础，因为他们寻求这些地理模式的解释。

第四段：

Alexander von Humboldt, in the early 1800s,observed that widely separated regions have structurally and functionally similar vegetation if their climates are similar. Alphonse de Candollehy pothesized that latitudinal zones of tropical, temperate, and arctic vegetation are caused by temperature and in 1874 proposed formal vegetation zones with associated temperature limits.

最后一段是具体诠释了他们共同的历史，从亚里士多德和提奥弗拉斯托斯的著作讲起，到亚历山大发现气候相似的地区有相似的植被从而由后人确立了正式的植被带。

总结为：

1. The origin of these sciences is attributed to Aristotle and Theophrastus and their books

2. but their modern beginnings trace back to natural history and plant geography.

3. in 1874 proposed formal vegetation zones with associated temperature limits.

参考答案：

Ecology is a discipline within the biological sciences and studies interactions between organisms and their environment, while climatology is within the geophysical sciences discipline and studies physical state of atmosphere, they are distinctly different but sharea common history attributed to Aristotle and The ophrastus, respectively; moreover, their modern beginnings originated from natural history and plant geography that laid foundations for the development of ecology and climatology, such as formal vegetation zones with associated temperature limits. (75)

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