曼拓教育微信平台最新推出的“名师带你背单词”，摘录了由曼拓学员反馈的PTE考试真题中的高频词汇，以及来自各类与PTE常考学科相关的文章中的高分词汇。经由曼拓名师的归纳、总结，帮助同学们提高背单词的效率，让大家背地精准，背地方便。
这些精选的单词不仅仅适用于PTE考试，更能提高英语阅读、写作能力。如果每天都能记5-10个新单词，就再也不用担心看不懂的澳洲新闻，用不上高端的写作替换词啦！
今天曼拓君整理了这一周的词汇，帮助大家复习、回顾，加深印象。
recruiting retaining mindset intensified demographic vague ill-defined
knowledge-intensive industries reservoir lurk magma crust circulate beneath anomaly seismic spat mimic staggering conductivity illuminate geologic timescale mantle habitable coalesce comet asteroid basalt silica deplete magnesium andesite microcosm volatile volcanologist unrest
本周的单词、词组同学们都还有印象吗？如果忘记了，赶紧跟着曼拓君再复习一下。
PTE真题：The war for talent人才之战 Part1
来源：PTE考试真题
The war for talent refers to an increasingly competitive landscape for recruiting and retaining talented employees. In the book, Michaels, et al., describe not a set of superior Human Resources processes, but a mindset that emphasizes the importance of talent to the success of organizations.
The war for talent is intensified by demographic shifts (primarily in the United States and Europe). This is characterized by increasing demand along with decreasing demographical supply. There are simply fewer post-baby-boom workers to replace the baby-boom retirement in the US and Europe (though this is not the case in most of East Asia,Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Central America, South America, or the Middle East; Eastern Europe also tends to have similar demographics, namely an aging and/or shrinking labor force).While talent is vague or ill-defined, the underlying assumption is that for knowledge-intensive industries, the knowledge worker (a term coined by Peter Drucker) is the key competitive resource (see the Resource-based view of the firm). Knowledge-based theories of organizations consistently place knowledge workers as a primary, competitive resource.
PTE高频考点自然类文章：
《Huge lake discovered 15 kilometres under avolcano》
Our planet is blue inside and out. A massive reservoir of water has been discovered deep beneath a volcano in the Andes, and Earth’s interior may be dotted with similar wet pockets lurking below other major volcanoes.The unexpected water, which is mixed with partially melted magma, could help to explain why and how eruptions happen.This water may also be playing a role in the formation of the continental crust we live on, and could be further evidence that our planet has had water circulating in its interior since its formation.Jon Blundy of the University of Bristol, UK, and his colleagues made the discovery while studying a huge “anomaly” 15 kilometres beneath the currently dormant Uturuncu volcano in the Bolivian Andes. The anomaly, called the Altiplano-Puna magma body, slows down seismic waves and conducts electricity, unlike surrounding magma.Blundy’s team took rocks that were spat out by an eruption of Uturuncu 500,000 years ago and mixed them with varying amounts of water before exposing them in the lab to conditions mimicking those in the anomaly.This included pressures 30,000 times as high as atmospheric pressure, and temperatures up to 1500 °C. “We reproduced conditions deep in the Earth in the lab,” says Blundy.They found that at a particular water content, the electrical conductivity exactly matched the value measured in the anomaly. “By weight, we calculated it contains 8 to 10 per cent water,” says Blundy.The Altiplano-Puna magma body is known to be around half a million cubic kilometres in volume, so the researchers estimate it must contain a similar amount of water to some of the largest freshwater lakes on Earth. “It’s probably somewhere between Lake Superior and Lake Huron,” says Blundy. “It’s a staggeringly large amount.”
Other anomalies with similar unexplained conductivity have been discovered beneath other volcanoes, such as those in the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand, and Mount St Helen’s in Washington State, which erupted spectacularlyin 1980. It’s likely that these are also signs of secret reservoirs.“This study illuminates a new feature of Earth’s deep-water cycle, and reminds us how little we know about the pathway of water through Earth’s crust and mantle systems on geologic timescales,” says Steve Jacobsen of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, whose team previously discovered a reservoir of water three times the volume of all the oceans 700 kilometres down in the mantle.Such discoveries add to growing evidence that significant amounts of water exist in Earth’s interior, some of which may even have been the source of today’s oceans. It could be that the water that makes our planet habitable was present in the dust that coalesced to create Earth, rather than arriving later on ice-rich comets or asteroids.
We can forget about extracting the newly found water. “It’s dissolved in partially melted rock at 950 to 1000 °C, so it’s not accessible,” says Blundy.But increased water content in magma may help to explain the composition of continental crust rocks. When magma in the mantle – mainly composed of basalt – rises up into the crust, the water helps to enrich the basalt with silica and deplete it of magnesium, eventually forming rocks like the andesite found beneath the Andes.“The process in Uturuncu is a microcosm of continental crust formation, and involves much more water than we thought, probably twice as much,” says Blundy.
Water is also one of the volatile components dissolved in magma that drive volcanic eruptions, he says. “Dissolved at shallower depths where the pressure is lower, it comes out as bubbles, which end up as an explosive eruption.”In the future, understanding more about how water can trigger eruptions could help volcanologists better interpret seismic activity, perhaps improving predictions. “Our results will hopefully improve our ability to interpret these signals of unrest,” says Blundy.| PTE65+特价保过班 |
| 课程简介 | 曼拓PTE权威名师团队打造，针对PTE零基础学员量身定制。一阶班将对PTE四项考试各题型进行讲解、围绕评分标准和要求安排课程和内容，同时分享PTE四项基本答题技巧以及机考技巧。揭开PTE考试神秘外壳，帮助大家在最短时间内掌握PTE考试规律。 |
| 开班时间 | 白班（12月1日-9日）：每周一、二、四、五 13：30-15:30 晚班（12月1日-9日）：每周一、二、四、五18：00-20:00
周末班（12月3日-10日）：周六、日10：00-12:00&13：30-15:30
白班（12月12日-23日）：每周一、二、五 13：30-15:30 晚班（12月12日-23日）：每周一、二、五18：00-20:00
周末班（12月11日-18日）：周六、日13：30-15:30 &16:00-18:00 |
| 课程周期 | 12小时，两周结课（未达到65的学员可免费重听2次） |
| 价格 | 原价：$480 迎圣诞特价：$50
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2、曼拓教育官方微信平台：mentoreducation3、添加曼拓教育课程咨询：mentorsyd 或扫码添加
4、直接前来曼拓教育：Suite 401, 630 George Street, Sydney, 2000
