【中英双语全球财经新闻周推送】| 头条：苹果公司或将面临欧盟数十亿欧元税收罚款,DNC澳洲求职微信公众号文章

本周的全球财经新鲜事

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全球财经热门新闻汇总

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全球财经新闻

周推送

Apple facing record bill for Irish tax

苹果公司或将面临欧盟数十亿欧元税收罚款

Apple could be ordered to pay billions of euros in back taxes in the Republic of Ireland by European Union competition officials.

The final ruling, expected on Tuesday, follows a three-year probe into Apple's Irish tax affairs, which the EU has previously identified as illegal.

The Financial Times reports that the bill will be for billions of euros, making it Europe's biggest tax penalty.

Apple and the Irish government are likely to appeal against the ruling.

苹果公司或被欧盟认定需追缴数十亿欧元的税款。

在经历了长达三年对苹果公司在爱尔兰的税务调查后，在周二最终裁决中，欧盟认定，爱尔兰政府给予苹果的优惠税收安排属于非法国家援助。

《金融时报》称需追缴的税款将会达到数十亿欧元，这将会是欧洲税务历史上数额最大的罚金。

苹果公司和爱尔兰政府有可能会对裁决中的决定进行上诉。

延伸阅读

Under EU law, national tax authorities are not allowed to give tax benefits to selected companies - which the EU would consider to be illegal state aid.

According to EU authorities, rulings made by the Irish government in 1991 and 2007 allowed Apple to minimise its tax bill in Ireland.

Apple's company structure enabled it to legally channel international sales through Ireland to take advantage of that tax deal.

Last week the US Treasury Department said the European Commission was in danger of becoming a a "supra-national tax authority" overriding the tax codes of its member states.

Brussels was using a different set of criteria to judge cases involving US companies, the US Treasury warned, adding that potential penalties were "deeply troubling".

新闻背景

欧盟对苹果公司在爱尔兰的税务调查始于2014年，苹果被指利用位于爱尔兰科克多家子公司，在避免大量税收处罚的情况下转移资产。当时，苹果和爱尔兰均否认了这一指控。而苹果和爱尔兰税务部门之间的会议纪要也表明，苹果获得的税务待遇“主要是从就业方面考虑”。

据了解，苹果在爱尔兰科克拥有5500名员工，占欧洲员工总数的约1/4。在当地，苹果是最大的民营企业雇主。

PwC settles $5.5bn fraud detection lawsuit

普华永道“躲过”史上最大审计诉讼案达成和解

Accounting giant PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has settled a $5.5 billion lawsuit in the middle of a weekslong trial over its alleged failure to catch the massive fraud that led to one of the most expensive bank failures in U.S. history.

Steven Thomas, a lawyer for the bankruptcy trustee and PwC each said the settlement terms were confidential but that the lawsuit has been resolved “to the mutual satisfaction of the parties.”

普华永道所面临的5.5亿美元的美国历史上最大审计诉讼案目前已达成和解。但和解具体金额未披露。普华永道和被告方律师Steven Thomas称：“此次和解基于双方共同满意局面。”

事件回顾

本案原告是Taylor Bean & Whitaker（TBW)的破产受托人美国联邦存款保险公司(FDIC)，被告是普华永道。普华永道曾担任已倒闭的殖民银行（Colonial Bank）的审计。FDIC状告普华永道在担任殖民银行审计期间，未充分履行审计职责，未能发现殖民银行约10亿美元的资产实际上并不存在或已分文不值，是导致殖民银行破产倒闭的原因之一。本案诉讼索赔高达55亿美元。

China launches own aircraft engine-maker to rival the West

中国全力打造自有飞机引擎制造商

China has launched its first aircraft-engine manufacturer in an attempt to wean itself off Western suppliers.

The state-owned Aero-Engine Group of China was created by combining a group of existing aircraft-engine companies, according to local media reports.

It has about 50bn yuan in registered capital and will develop both military and commercial engines.

中国大陆首次组建自己的航空发动机(引擎)企业，试图脱离对西方供应商的依赖。

中国媒体说，这一国有企业是由一些现有航空发动机公司合併后创建的。

据报导，注册资本为500亿人民币的新集团将研发民用和军用航空发动机。

延伸阅读

'Strategic move'

China currently buys its commercial aircraft engines from General Electric and United Technologies' Pratt & Whitney. China's military jets uses Russian-made engines.

President Xi Jinping called the new creation of the new company a "strategic move" aimed at developing China's reputation as a global aviation power, Xinhua news agency said.

The Chinese government, as well as the Aviation Industry Corp of China (AVIC) and Commercial Aircraft Corp of China (Comac) are investors in the new firm.

AVIC makes military jets and helicopters while Comac produces China's biggest domestically-produced passenger plane, the C919.

新闻背景

中国已经自己生产飞机，但是几十年来一直难以研制出符合全球标准的发动机。中国目前向美国通用电气和普惠发动机公司购买商用飞机引擎。与此同时，中国军用飞机採用的是俄罗斯生产的发动机。

新华社说，中国国家主席习近平将新公司的成立称为旨在发展中国作为一个全球航空大国声誉的战略举措。除中国官方之外，中国航空工业集团公司和中国商用飞机有限责任公司也是新集团的投资方。中国商用飞机有限责任公司则是首款「国产」大型干线客机C919的生产商。

U.K. GDP Boosted by Household Spending Ahead of Brexit Vote

英国GDP无视“脱欧”影响在家庭支出的带动下快速增长

Strong growth in household spending helped boost the British economy in the run up to the U.K.’s referendum on continued European Union membership, while business investment fell slightly year-over-year.

During the second quarter, the U.K.’s gross domestic product grew 2.2% from the year-earlier period, the Office for National Statistics said Friday, confirming an earlier preliminary estimate. On an annualized basis, the U.K. economy grew 2.4%, the ONS said. It said the growth’s momentum came mostly from record-strong household spending, which increased at the fastest rate in eight years.

强劲的家庭支出使英国经济没有受到公投脱欧的影响，支撑了其GDP的增长，而商业投资较去年却缓速下跌。

二季度英国GDP增长了2.2%，英国国家统计局周五称与之前的预估相符。从年份上来看，英国国家统计局称英国经济较去年增长了2.4%，这一增长主要来源于英国国民家庭支出的快速增长。英国家庭支出的增速已达到了八年以来的峰值。

Japanese Puzzle: Why More Jobs Don’t Mean More Spending

日本经济怪圈：就业率增长经济却滞后

An odd mix of vigorous job growth and lackluster consumption continued to haunt Japan’s economy this summer, new government data showed on Tuesday, undermining Prime Minister Shinzo Abe ’s efforts to get his revival plan back on track.

The unemployment rate dipped to 3% in July, reflecting the strongest labor market since 1995. But household spending in the same month slipped 0.5% from the year-earlier level, the fifth consecutive month of decrease, in a country where consumer spending accounts for about 60% of the economy.

The data reflects a paradox for the world’s third-biggest economy. In most countries, consumers feel more confident about the future and spend more when companies hire more workers. In Japan, that hasn’t happened. The dichotomy has vexed Mr. Abe, who frequently mentions robust hiring as one of his main accomplishments. Yet he hasn’t succeeded in boosting conservative spending habits through monetary and fiscal stimulus.

近期日本就业率近期持续增长而消费却相对滞后，这种怪异的现象自今年夏天以来一直影响着日本的经济。最近的政府经济数据表示，日本首相安倍晋三一直在努力让日本经济回归正轨。

今年7月，日本的失业率降至 3%，反映了日本自1995年最繁荣的劳动力市场。但同期家庭支出却较年初水平下滑了 0.5%，已连续下滑了5个月。家庭支出大约占日本经济的60%。

从这些数据看，这个世界第三大经济体存在着经济悖论。在大多数国家，当就业率上升时，消费者会对未来更有信心并且消费更多。然而在日本却不是这样。

日本近期的经济形势让日本首相安倍晋三十分担心。安倍总是把“恢复增长日本就业率”做为自己的成就，然而他却无法通过目前的货币政策、经济手段刺激来促进消费。

延伸

第二季度日本经济增长几乎停滞，分析师们预计第三季度也将不温不火，因全球经济疲软，且今年日元升值了20%，严重打击了出口和资本支出。

尽管三年来日本央行大量印钞，但家庭支出疲软以及日元走强降低了进口成本，导致通胀一直低于央行2%的目标。

稍早前的数据显示，日本7月核心CPI同比下降0.5%，降幅为2013年3月份以来最大，主要是因为消费疲软，越来越多的公司推迟上调商品价格，这使得本已推行了大规模经济刺激计划的日本央行再次承压。