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How Will Driverless Technology Change Our Lives?
Almost every day, we hear about a new development in the world of driverless technology. But how will this technology change our lives when cars no longer need humans to drive them?
driverless technology
无人驾驶技术
Major automakers are now researching and testing driverless cars.
Technology companies like Apple, Google and Uber are also working to bring driverless technology to market.
automakers
汽车制造商
driverless cars
无人驾驶汽车
technology companies like Apple, Google and Uber
科技公司比如苹果，谷歌和优步
James Anderson is a senior behavioral scientist at the RAND Corporation. He is also an expert on driverless transportation. He said the first stage of the technology is already here. The technology allows cars to change lanes, control speed and warn drivers of hazards.
driverless transportation
无人驾驶交通工具
the technology allows cars to do
这项技术使汽车可以怎样怎样
change lanes, control speed and warn drivers of hazards
变道，控制车速和警告司机危险
"The idea is that drivers first use these, and then become more confident to use the technology more," he said. "But the risk of that is that research suggests people tend to over rely on the equipment, and may or may not be able to jump back in and take over on short notice."
people tend to over rely on the equipment
人们往往过度依赖设备
Setback for driverless technology
In May, a driver was killed while using the "Autopilot" feature on a Tesla car. It was the first known U.S. death involving a car operating in self-drive mode.
a car operating in self-drive mode
使用自动驾驶模式的汽车
Officials said the crash happened in Florida when a tractor-trailer turned in front of the Tesla Model S. Investigators said it appeared the car's cameras failed to differentiate between the large white side of the tractor-trailer and the brightly lit sky.
car’s cameras
汽车的摄像头
car’s cameras failed to differentiate between a and b
汽车的摄像头没能分辨a和b
large white side of the tractor-trailer
拖车的巨大白色面
brightly lit sky
明亮的天空
tractor-trailer 拖车
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said it is investigating the accident, as well as the design and performance of Tesla's Autopilot system.
the performance of autopilot system
自动驾驶系统的表现
The driver of the truck told the Associated Press thedriver of the car was "playing Harry Potter on the TV screen" beforethe crash.
The Florida Highway Patrol confirmed it found a portable DVD player in the car after the accident. But it could not confirm whether amovie was playing at the time of the crash.
crash
撞车
Tesla's founder, Elon Musk, expressed condolences for the accident. Tesla said it was the first known death in more than 200 million kilometers driven with its Autopilot system.
with autopilot system
用自动驾驶系统
Autopilot allows the car to steer itself in a lane, change lanes, and speed up or slow down based on nearby traffic. Tesla said the system is designed only to assist drivers, who must manually turn it on.
autopilot allows the car to do
自动驾驶使汽车可以做什么
steer itself in a lane
在车道上驾驶自己
change lanes
变道
speed up or slow down
加速或者减速
nearby traffic
周围的路况
based on nearby traffic
根据周围的路况
Autopilot allows the car to steer itself in a lane, change lanes, and speed up or slow down based on nearby traffic.
自动驾驶可以让汽车在道路上行驶，变道，根据周围的路况加速或者减速。
The company tells drivers that even when using Autopilot, they need to keep both hands on the steering wheel at all times.
"Autopilot is getting better all the time, but it is not perfect and still requires the driver to remain alert," Tesla said.
steering wheel
方向盘
keep both hands on the steering wheel
双手放在方向盘上
remain alert
保持警惕
require the drivers to remain alert
要求司机保持警惕
steering wheel
Despite these dangers, autonomous cars are expected to greatly reduce accidents. Currently, about 90 percent of crashes are caused by human error.
autonomous cars
自动驾驶汽车
greatly reduce accidents
大大减少事故
autonomous cars are expected to greatly reduced accidents
自动驾驶汽车预计可以大大减少事故
human error
人为错误
are caused by human error
由人为错误引起
about 90 percent of crashed are caused by human error
大约有90%的撞车是由人为错误引起的
James Anderson said the big automakers have pledged to add anti-crash devices on all vehicles within five years.
automakers
自动汽车制造商
anti-crash devices
防碰撞设备
add anti-crash devices on all vehicles
为机动车添加防碰撞设备
Driverless technology leads to disruption
Even though few accidents is good, Anderson said this would cause a lot of economic disruption. "There's a whole crash economy that is dependent on the regular occurrence of automobile crashes." He said joblosses would come in the insurance industry and in hospitals where crash victims are treated.
economic disruption
市场混乱
crash economy
修车市场
regular occurrence of automobile crashed
经常出现的撞车
job losses
失业
insurance industry
保险行业
hospitals where crash victims are treated
救治撞车受害者的医院
job losses would come in sth
会在什么方面产生失业
In addition, other driving-related jobs would be hurt. There are millions of truck drivers, delivery drivers, taxi drivers, and other driving-related jobs in the U.S. "A lot of those jobs are likely to disappear," he said.
driving-related jobs
开车有关的工作
truck drivers
卡车司机
delivery drivers
送货司机
taxi drivers
出租车司机
those jobs are likely to disappear
那些工作可能会消失
A California company already has plans to sell driverless kits for tractor-trailer trucks. The company, Otto, was started by formerGoogle engineer Anthony Levandowski.
Just the thought of an 18-wheel truck speeding down the highway fully loaded with cargo makes many drivers nervous. But Levandowski said the technology is very safe. He says the goal is to make trucks drive as much like humans as possible, but with the reliability of machines.
How will technology change our lives?
Carlo Ratti heads the SENSEable CityLab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The lab studie show digital technologies are changing cities and how this will change how people get around in the future.
"The most exciting thing about a self-driving car is not really the fact that you don't need to keep your hands on the steering wheel. For us, the most exciting thing is that it's going to have a profound impact on mobility in our cities."
a self-driving car
keep your hands on the steering wheel
have a profound impact on mobility in our cities
在我们的城市对交通有一个深远的影响
Ratti said cars are now only being used about 5 percentof the time. Most of the time they are parkedand using up valuable city space.
cars are parked and using up valuable city space
车在停着并占用着宝贵的城市空间
In the future, a self-driving car could give you a ride to work in the morning. Butthen the same car could be used throughout the day to take other people around the city.
give you a ride to work
载你去上班
the same car could be used throughout the day to take other people around the city
同样的车可以在白天被使用来载着附近的其他人
This car-sharing model would blur the lines between private and public transportation, Ratti said.
this car-sharing model
这个汽车共享的模型
"We could potentially share cars and rides better. That means a city where you could theoretically make everybody's destination in Washington or New York, or Singapore – a big city or a small city – with 20 percent of the cars we have today."
share cars 共享汽车
He said another major change could be the removal of traffic intersections."At that point, you could think about autonomous intersections. Intersections where vehicles don't need to stop at a junction, but they can keep going and simply avoid bumping into each other."
the removal of traffic intersections
去掉交通路口
autonomous intersections
自动路口
intersections where vehicles do not need to stop at a junction, but they can keep going and simply avoid bumping into each other
机动车不用停，可以一直开不会互相撞在一起的十字口语
Ratti said he believes driverless technology will lead to more efficient and sustainable transportation.But it will also leave questions about who will truly benefit.
driverless technology
无人驾驶技术
more efficient and sustainable transportation
更加有效率和可持续的交通
"When you think about building a shared infrastructure, the question is, who's going to charge or bill other people? Who's going to enact different transportation policies? So it really becomes much more about how we're going to distribute the benefits of this new transportation system across society."
different transportation policies
不同的交通政策
transportation system across society
社会中的交通系统
Another big question is how ready the public is, or will be, to use driverless technology.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvaniaare reporting positive results with self-driving vehicles.
self-driving vehicles
自动驾驶机动车
Lead researcher, Professor Raj Rajkumar, said it really does not take long for people to trust the car enough to let go of the wheel.
"They begin to see that the vehicle is exact, very rational, drives safely, and then they begin to relax," he said.
U.S.-based Local Motors has even used 3-D printing technology to produce self-driving vehicles. It recently introduced a new minibus called"Olli" that can carry up to 12 people.
The vehicle allows passengers to call for rides with a mobile app similar to Uber. The company says about 75 percent of the entire vehicle can currently be 3-D printed, and it can be fully assembled in 11 hours.
call for rides with a mobile app like uber
用手机app比如优步叫车
the vehicle allows sb to do sth
这种机动车让人们可以做什么事情
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