PTE考生中很多同学的spelling 分数都比较低,其中一个原因就是英美拼写混合。PTE官方要求拼写考生consistent, 也就是不能混合使用。那么如何准确分清楚哪些是英式拼写,哪些是美式拼写呢?文波PTE下面就带大家看一下:
说起英式拼写和美式拼写的区别,大部分同学的印象有两个:
一是:美国人拼写喜欢简单,可以少拼一个字母,绝不多加一个字母,比如color 之于colour; leukaemia 之于leukemia;maneuvre之于manoeuvre。英式英语中含有ae或oe的单词在美式英语中只写作e。
二是:美式英语拼写可以遵从发音的,一定要遵从,比如说inquiry, inquire 而不是enquiry和enquire, 毕竟in 一定读成/in/不会用歧义。
但是这些印象也并不是每一次都好用,也有例外:
比如“注册”这个单词, enroll 就是美式拼写, 而enrol 就是英式拼写。还有就是电梯, lift比起elevator简单,但是lift是英式拼写。
下面再给大家总结下同一个单词英美两种拼写的八大规律。
1.Words ending in –re
以-re结尾的单词
British English words that end in -re often end in -er in American English:
英式英语中以-re结尾的单词通常在美式英语中以-er结尾。
British | US |
centre | center |
fibre | fiber |
litre | liter |
theatre | theater or theatre |
2.Words ending in –our
以-our结尾的单词
British English words ending in -our usually end in -or in American English:
英式英语中以-our结尾的单词通常在美式英语中以-or结尾。
British | US |
colour | color |
flavour | flavor |
humour | humor |
labour | labor |
3.Words ending in -ize or –ise
以ize或ise结尾的单词
Verbs in British English that can be spelled with either -ize or -ise at the end are always spelled with -ize at the end in American English:
英式英语中以-ize或-ise结尾的动词都是合乎拼写规则的。但在美式英语中,它们总是以-ize结尾。
British | US |
apologize or apologise | apologize |
organize or organise | organize |
recognize or recognise | recognize |
4.Words ending in –yse
以-yse结尾的单词
Verbs in British English that end in -yse are always spelled -yze in American English:
英式英语中以-yse结尾的单词在美式英语中总是以-yze结尾。
British | US |
analyse | analyze |
paralyse | paralyze |
5.Words ending in a vowel plus l
以元音+l结尾的单词
In British spelling, verbs ending in a vowel plus l double the l when adding endings that begin with a vowel. In American English, the l is not doubled:
英式英语中,在以元音+l结尾的单词后面加上由元音开始的后缀时,l要重复1次。美式英语则没有这一要求。
British | US |
travel | travel |
travelled | traveled |
traveller | traveler |
6.Words spelled with double vowels
含有2个连在一起的元音字母的单词
British English words that are spelled with the double vowels ae or oe are just spelled with an e in American English:
英式英语中含有ae或oe的单词在美式英语中只写作e。
British | US |
leukaemia | leukemia |
manoeuvre | maneuver |
Note that in American English, certain terms, such as archaeology, keep the ae spelling as standard, although the spelling with just the e (i.e. archeology) is usually acceptable as well.
注意:美式英语中,一些专有名词如archaeology还是会保持标准的写法,虽然只写e(例如archeology)也不是不能接受。
7.Nouns ending with –ence
以-ence结尾的名词
Some nouns that end with -ence in British English are spelled -ense in American English:
英式英语中某些以-ence结尾的名词在美式英语中以-ense结尾。
British | US |
defence | defense |
licence | license |
offence | offense |
8.Nouns ending with –ogue
以-ogue结尾的名词
Some nouns that end with -ogue in British English end with either -og or –ogue in American English:
英式英语中某些以-ogue结尾的名词在美式英语中以-og或ogue结尾。
British | US |
analogue | analog or analogue |
catalogue | catalog or catalogue |
dialogue | dialog or dialogue |
补充词汇
British English | American English |
all right | all right, alright (disputed) |
analyse | analyze |
cheque | check |
counsellor | counselor |
criticise, criticize | criticize |
doughnut | donut |
fulfil | fulfill |
grey | gray |
honour | honor |
humour | humor |
jewellery | jewellery, jewelry |
judgement, judgment | judgment |
kerb | curb |
labour | labor |
metre | meter |
mould | mold |
neighbour | neighbor |
offence | offense |
practise (verb) practice (noun) | practice (verb) practice (noun) |
pretence | pretense |
programme | program |
pyjamas | pajamas |
realise, realize | realize |
savour | savor |
speciality | specialty |
travelled travelling | travelled, traveled travelling, traveling |
tyre | tire |
valour | valor |
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