PTE考生必看!英式及美式拼写8大规律!拯救你的Spelling分数!

原创 2019年07月13日 文波英语


PTE考生中很多同学的spelling 分数都比较低,其中一个原因就是英美拼写混合。PTE官方要求拼写考生consistent, 也就是不能混合使用。那么如何准确分清楚哪些是英式拼写,哪些是美式拼写呢?文波PTE下面就带大家看一下:


说起英式拼写和美式拼写的区别,大部分同学的印象有两个:


一是:美国人拼写喜欢简单,可以少拼一个字母,绝不多加一个字母,比如color 之于colour; leukaemia 之于leukemia;maneuvre之于manoeuvre。英式英语中含有ae或oe的单词在美式英语中只写作e。


二是:美式英语拼写可以遵从发音的,一定要遵从,比如说inquiry, inquire 而不是enquiry和enquire, 毕竟in 一定读成/in/不会用歧义。


但是这些印象也并不是每一次都好用,也有例外:

比如“注册”这个单词, enroll 就是美式拼写, 而enrol 就是英式拼写。还有就是电梯, lift比起elevator简单,但是lift是英式拼写。

 

下面再给大家总结下同一个单词英美两种拼写的八大规律。

 

1.Words ending in –re

-re结尾的单词

British English words that end in -re often end in -er in American English:

英式英语中以-re结尾的单词通常在美式英语中以-er结尾。

BritishUS
centrecenter
fibrefiber
litreliter
theatretheater or theatre

 

2.Words ending in –our

-our结尾的单词

British English words ending in -our usually end in -or in American English:

英式英语中以-our结尾的单词通常在美式英语中以-or结尾。

BritishUS
colourcolor
flavourflavor
humourhumor
labourlabor

 

3.Words ending in -ize or –ise

izeise结尾的单词

Verbs in British English that can be spelled with either -ize or -ise at the end are always spelled with -ize at the end in American English:

英式英语中以-ize或-ise结尾的动词都是合乎拼写规则的。但在美式英语中,它们总是以-ize结尾。

BritishUS
apologize or apologiseapologize
organize or organiseorganize
recognize or recogniserecognize

 

4.Words ending in –yse

-yse结尾的单词

Verbs in British English that end in -yse are always spelled -yze in American English:

英式英语中以-yse结尾的单词在美式英语中总是以-yze结尾。

BritishUS
analyseanalyze
paralyseparalyze

 

5.Words ending in a vowel plus l

以元音+l结尾的单词

In British spelling, verbs ending in a vowel plus l double the l when adding endings that begin with a vowel. In American English, the l is not doubled:

英式英语中,在以元音+l结尾的单词后面加上由元音开始的后缀时,l要重复1次。美式英语则没有这一要求。

BritishUS
traveltravel
travelledtraveled
travellertraveler

 

6.Words spelled with double vowels

含有2个连在一起的元音字母的单词

British English words that are spelled with the double vowels ae or oe are just spelled with an e in American English:

英式英语中含有ae或oe的单词在美式英语中只写作e。

BritishUS
leukaemialeukemia
manoeuvremaneuver

Note that in American English, certain terms, such as archaeology, keep the ae spelling as standard, although the spelling with just the e (i.e. archeology) is usually acceptable as well.

注意:美式英语中,一些专有名词如archaeology还是会保持标准的写法,虽然只写e(例如archeology)也不是不能接受。

 

7.Nouns ending with –ence

-ence结尾的名词

Some nouns that end with -ence in British English are spelled -ense in American English:

英式英语中某些以-ence结尾的名词在美式英语中以-ense结尾。

BritishUS
defencedefense
licencelicense
offenceoffense

 

8.Nouns ending with –ogue

-ogue结尾的名词

Some nouns that end with -ogue in British English end with either -og or –ogue in American English:

英式英语中某些以-ogue结尾的名词在美式英语中以-og或ogue结尾。

BritishUS
analogueanalog or analogue
cataloguecatalog or catalogue
dialoguedialog or dialogue

 

补充词汇

British EnglishAmerican English
all rightall right, alright (disputed)
analyseanalyze
chequecheck
counsellorcounselor
criticise, criticizecriticize
doughnutdonut
fulfilfulfill
greygray
honourhonor
humourhumor
jewelleryjewellery, jewelry
judgement, judgmentjudgment
kerbcurb
labourlabor
metremeter
mouldmold
neighbourneighbor
offenceoffense
practise (verb)
practice (noun)
practice (verb)
practice (noun)
pretencepretense
programmeprogram
pyjamaspajamas
realise, realizerealize
savoursavor
specialityspecialty
travelled
travelling
travelled, traveled
travelling, traveling
tyretire
valourvalor

 

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