【名师带你背单词】本周单词汇总（PTE考试真题+TED Talk精选）,曼拓教育微信公众号文章

曼拓教育微信平台最新推出的“名师带你背单词”，摘录了由曼拓学员反馈的PTE考试真题中的高频词汇，以及来自各类与PTE常考学科相关的文章中的高分词汇。经由曼拓名师的归纳、总结，帮助同学们提高背单词的效率，让大家背地精准，背地方便。

这些精选的单词不仅仅适用于PTE考试，更能提高英语阅读、写作能力。如果每天都能记5-10个新单词，就再也不用担心看不懂的澳洲新闻，用不上高端的写作替换词啦！

今天曼拓君整理了这一周的词汇，帮助大家复习、回顾，加深印象。

曼拓君

statesman reactionary disastrous uplift tyranny profoundly providential concur visionary pugnacious arctic ice cap shrunk thickness contract

spilling out heats up thaw methane microbes tipping point heat sink melting continent Antarctica glaciers snowpack reservoirs extraordinary unprecedented depletion deforestation fossil emitters oxymoron COALergy meshes thread addiction bold energy grid proverb

本周的单词、词组同学们都还有印象吗？如果忘记了，赶紧跟着曼拓君再复习一下。

曼拓君

接下去为大家放出PTE Retell Lecture人物类真题以及精选的TED Talk文章

曼拓君

Retell lecture真题: Sir WinstonLeonard Spencer-Churchill

PTE关键词：profoundly, visionary

来源：PTE真题

The Right Honorable Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, FRS, PC (November 30, 1874 – January 24, 1965) was a British statesman, best known as prime minister of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. At various times a soldier, journalist, author, and politician, Churchill is generally regarded as one of the most important leaders in British and world history. Considered reactionary on some issues, such as granting independence to Britain's colonies and at times regarded as a self-‐promoter who changed political parties to further his career, it was his wartime leadership that earned him iconic status. Some of his peacetime decisions, such as restoring the Gold Standard in 1924, were disastrous as was his World War I decision to land troops on the Dardanelles. However, during 1940, when Britain alone opposed Hitler's Nazi Germany in the free world, his stirring speeches inspired, motivated, and uplifted a whole people during their darkest hour.

Churchill saw himself as a champion of democracy against tyranny, and was profoundly aware of his own role and destiny. Indeed, he believed that God had placed him on earth to carry out heroic deeds for the protection of Christian civilization and human progress. A providential understanding of history would concur with Churchill's self-understanding. Considered old-fashioned, even reactionary by some people today, he was actually a visionary whose dream was of a united world, beginning with a union of the English- speaking peoples, then embracing all cultures. In his youth, he cut a dashing figure as a cavalry officer as seen in the 1972 film Young Winston (directed by Richard Attenborough), but the images of him that are the most widely remembered are as a rather overweight, determined, even pugnacious looking senior statesman as he is depicted to the right.

Al Gore：What comes after an inconvenient truth？

相关学科：环境类

Source：

http://www.ted.com/talks/al_gore_warns_on_latest_climate_trends/transcript?language=en

Last year I showed these two slides so that demonstrate that the arctic ice cap, which for most of the last three million years has been the size of the lower 48 states, has shrunk by 40 percent. But this understates the seriousness of this particular problem because it doesn't show the thickness of the ice. The arctic ice cap is, in a sense, the beating heart of the global climate system. It expands in winter and contracts in summer. The next slide I show you will be a rapid fast-forward of what's happened over the last 25 years. The permanent ice is marked in red. As you see, it expands to the dark blue -- that's the annual ice in winter, and it contracts in summer. The so-called permanent ice, five years old or older, you can see is almost like blood, spilling out of the body here. In 25 years it's gone from this, to this.

This is a problem because the warming heats up the frozen ground around the Arctic Ocean, where there is a massive amount of frozen carbon which, when it thaws, is turned into methane by microbes. Compared to the total amount of global warming pollution in the atmosphere, that amount could double if we cross this tipping point. Already in some shallow lakes in Alaska, methane is actively bubbling up out of the water. The question is whether we will be.

This enormous heat sink heats up Greenland from the north. This is an annual melting river. But the volumes are much larger than ever. This is the Kangerlussuaq River in southwest Greenland. If you want to know how sea level rises from land-base ice melting this is where it reaches the sea. These flows are increasing very rapidly. At the other end of the planet, Antarctica the largest mass of ice on the planet. Last month scientists reported the entire continent is now in negative ice balance. And west Antarctica cropped up on top some under-sea islands, is particularly rapid in its melting. That's equal to 20 feet of sea level, as is Greenland.

In the Himalayas, the third largest mass of ice: at the top you see new lakes, which a few years ago were glaciers. 40 percent of all the people in the world get half of their drinking water from that melting flow. In the Andes, this glacier is the source of drinking water for this city. The flows have increased. But when they go away, so does much of the drinking water. In California there has been a 40 percent decline in the Sierra snowpack. This is hitting the reservoirs. And the predictions, as you've read, are serious.

This drying around the world has lead to a dramatic increase in fires. And the disasters around the world have been increasing at an absolutely extraordinary and unprecedented rate. Four times as many in the last 30 years as in the previous 75. This is a completely unsustainable pattern.

In the last five years we've added 70 million tons of CO2 every 24 hours -- 25 million tons every day to the oceans. Look carefully at the area of the eastern Pacific, from the Americas, extending westward, and on either side of the Indian subcontinent, where there is a radical depletion of oxygen in the oceans. The biggest single cause of global warming, along with deforestation, which is 20 percent of it, is the burning of fossil fuels. Oil is a problem, and coal is the most serious problem. The United States is one of the two largest emitters, along with China. And the proposal has been to build a lot more coal plants.

But we're beginning to see a sea change. Here are the ones that have been cancelled in the last few years with some green alternatives proposed. However there is a political battle in our country. And the coal industries and the oil industries spent a quarter of a billion dollars in the last calendar year promoting clean coal, which is an oxymoron. In my home in Tennessee, a billion gallons of coal sludge was spilled. This, is the second largest waste stream in America.

At COALergy we view climate change as a very serious threat to our business. That's why we've made it our primary goal to spend a large sum of money on an advertising effort to help bring out and complicate the truth about coal. Clean coal; let's take a tour of clean coal facility. The machinery is kind of loud. But that's the sound of clean coal technology. And while burning coal is one of the leading causes of global warming, the remarkable clean coal technology you see here changes everything. This is today's clean coal technology. Finally, the positive alternative meshes with our economic challenge and our national security challenge.

America is in crisis -- the economy, national security, the climate crisis. The thread that links them all: our addiction to carbon based fuels, like dirty coal and foreign oil. But now there is a bold new solution to get us out of this mess. Repower America with 100 percent clean electricity within 10 years. A plan to put America back to work, make us more secure, and help stop global warming. One of the fastest wayes to cut our dependence on old dirty fuels that are killing our planet.Future's over here. Wind, sun, a new energy grid.New investments to create high-paying jobs. Narrator: Repower America. It's time to get real.

There is an old African proverb that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far, go together." We need to go far, quickly.

PTE四项精品一阶班
课程简介	曼拓PTE权威名师团队打造，针对PTE零基础学员量身定制。一阶班将对PTE四项考试各题型进行讲解、围绕评分标准和要求安排课程和内容，同时分享PTE四项基本答题技巧以及机考技巧。揭开PTE考试神秘外壳，帮助大家在最短时间内掌握PTE考试规律。
开班时间	白班（11月1日-11日）：每周二、三、五 13：30-15:30 晚班（11月1日-11日）：每周二、三、五18：00-20:00 周末班（11月6日-13日）：周六、日10：00-12:00&13：30-15:30
课程周期	12小时，两周结课
价格	$480