1.  Discussing predictions 谈论预测

英文用法：The number of people using mobile phones to purchase goods and services is expected/likely to more than double by the end of 2015.

中文翻译：到 2015 年底，使用手机购买商品和服务的人数预计／可能会是现在的两倍多。

英文用法：Experts have predicted/forecast that the number of people using their mobile phones to pay for goods and services should exceed 190 million in 2015.

中文翻译：专家已经预言，到 2015 年使用手机支付商品和服务费用的人数将超过 1.9 亿。

英文用法：This figure is set to reach 200 million by 2016.

中文翻译：到 2016 年这个数字可能会达到 2 亿。

英文用法：By 2015, 800 million mobile phone users worldwide will be participating in social networks via their phone.

中文翻译：到 2015 年，全球将有 8 亿手机用户通过手机参与社交网络。

英文用法：Sales of mobile phones in 2009 were lower than expected.

中文翻译： 2009 年的手机销量低于预期。

英文用法：The company's announcement of 1.26 billion handsets sold for the year is in line with predictions.

中文翻译：公司宣布本年度手机销量为 12.6 亿部，符合预期。

2.  Describing a decrease 描述下降

英文用法： Car crime in Oxford fell significantly last year.

中文翻译： 去年牛津的汽车犯罪显著下降。

英文用法： Car crime fell by about a quarter over a 12-month period.

中文翻译： 12 个月内汽车犯罪下降了约四分之一。

英文用法： The number of stolen vehicles dropped from 1 013 to 780, a fall of 26 percent.

中文翻译： 被盗汽车数量从 1 013 辆减少到 780 辆，下降了 26%。

英文用法： According to this data, 780 vehicles were stolen, 26% down on the previous year.

中文翻译：根据这份数据，780 辆车被盗，比去年下降了 26%。

英文用法： There was an 11% drop in reported thefts from motor vehicles, from 1 871 to 1 737.

中文翻译：机动车财物盗窃案件数量下降了 11%，从 1 871 下降到 1 737。

英文用法： These figures show that, as far as car crime is concerned, the main trend is downwards.

中文翻译：这些数据表明，就汽车犯罪而言，大趋势是下降的。

3.  Ordering your points 梳理要点

英文用法： This study has the following aims: first, to investigate how international students in the UK use humour; second, to examine how jokes can help to establish social relationships; and, third, to explore the role that humour plays in helping overseas students adjust to life in the UK.

中文翻译：本研究有以下几个目的：第一，调查在英国的留学生如何运用幽默；第二，考察笑话如何帮助建立社交关系；第三，探究幽默对留学生适应英国生活所起的作用。

英文用法： Let us begin by identifying some of the popular joke genres in the UK.

中文翻译：首先我们来辨别一下流行于英国的一些笑话类型。

英文用法： Next, let us turn to/Next, let us consider the question of gender differences in the use of humour.

中文翻译：接下来，我们来探讨一下运用幽默的性别差异问题。

英文用法： Finally/Lastly, let us briefly examine the role of humour in defining a nation's culture.

中文翻译：最后，我们来简略地探讨一下幽默在界定民族文化中所起的作用。

4.  Ways of saying ‘in general’ “通常”的表达方式

英文用法：Women generally earn less than men.

中文翻译：女人通常比男人挣钱少。

英文用法：Generally speaking, jobs traditionally done by women are paid at a lower rate than those traditionally done by men.

中文翻译：一般来说，传统上由妇女干的工作比传统上由男人干的工作报酬低。

英文用法：In general/By and large, women do not earn as much as men.

中文翻译：总的说来，女人不如男人挣钱多。

英文用法：Certain jobs, like nursing and cleaning, are still mainly carried out by women.

中文翻译：有些工作仍然主要由女性做，比如护理和清洁。

英文用法：Senior management posts are predominantly held by men.

中文翻译：高层管理职位大多由男性担任。

英文用法：Most senior management posts tend to be held by men.

中文翻译：大多数高层管理职位通常由男性担任。

英文用法：Women are, for the most part, still paid less than men.

中文翻译：女人的薪水多半仍比男人低。

英文用法：Economic and social factors are, to a large extent, responsible for women being concentrated in low-paid jobs.

中文翻译：经济和社会因素在很大程度上导致女性集中于低报酬工作。

5.  Ways of saying ‘but’ “但是”的表达方式

英文用法：Politicians have promised to improve road safety. So far, however, little has been achieved.

中文翻译：政客们承诺要提高道路安全。但是，迄今为止成效微乎其微。

英文用法：Despite clear evidence from road safety studies, no new measures have been introduced.

中文翻译：尽管道路安全研究已得出确切依据，但仍未实施任何新措施。

英文用法：Politicians have promised to improve road safety. In spite of this/Despite this, little has been achieved so far.

中文翻译：政客们承诺要提高道路安全。尽管如此，迄今为止成效微乎其微。

英文用法：Although politicians have promised to improve road safety, little has been achieved so far.

中文翻译：尽管政客们承诺要提高道路安全，但是迄今为止成效微乎其微。

英文用法：Some politicians claim that the new transport policy has been a success. In fact, it has been a total disaster.

中文翻译：一些政客宣称新的交通政策非常成功，实际上却是彻头彻尾的失败。

英文用法：Government campaigns have had a measure of success, but the fact remains that large numbers of accidents are still caused by careless drivers.

中文翻译：政府的宣传活动取得了一定的成功，但实际情况是大量的交通事故仍然是由于驾驶者疏忽造成的。

6.  Referring to a chart, graph or table 描述图或表

英文用法：This bar chart illustrates how many journeys people made on public transport over a three-month period.

中文翻译：这个柱状图显示三个月期间人们乘坐公共交通往来的次数。

英文用法：This table compares bus, train, and taxi use between April and June.

中文翻译：这个表比较了四月至六月公交车、火车和出租车的使用情况。

英文用法：The results are shown in the chart below.

中文翻译：结果显示在下面的图表中。

英文用法：In this pie chart, the survey results are broken down by age.

中文翻译：在这个饼分图中，调查结果按年龄划分。

英文用法：This pie chart breaks down the survey results by age.

中文翻译：这个饼分图按年龄对调查结果进行分类。

英文用法：As can be seen from these results, younger people use buses more than older people.

中文翻译：从结果可以看出，年轻人比老年人乘坐公交车的频率更高。

英文用法：According to these figures, bus travel accounts for 60% of public transport use.

中文翻译：从这些数字看，乘坐公交车出行占公共交通使用率的 60%。

英文用法：From the data in the above graph, it is apparent that buses are the most widely used form of public transport.

中文翻译：从上图的数据明显看出：公交车是公共交通中使用最广泛的类型。

7.  Giving opinions using impersonal language 用客观的语言发表 意见

英文用法：It is vital that more is done to prevent the illegal trade in wild animals.

中文翻译：应进一步阻止非法买卖野生动物的行为，这一点至关重要。(Compare 比较：)

英文用法：We have to do more to stop people trading wild animals illegally.

中文翻译：我们必须进一步阻止人们非法买卖野生动物。

英文用法：It is clear that more needs to be done to protect biodiversity.

中文翻译：显然，应进一步保护生物多样性。(Compare 比较：)

英文用法：We clearly need to do more to protect biodiversity.

中文翻译：很明显，我们需要进一步保护生物多样性。

英文用法：It is unfortunate that the practice of keeping monkeys as pets still continues.

中文翻译：不幸的是，将猴子当宠物饲养的做法仍在持续。(Compare 比较：)

英文用法：It's absolutely terrible that people still keep monkeys as pets.

中文翻译：非常糟糕的是有人仍将猴子当宠物饲养。

英文用法：It is difficult for many people to understand the reasons why certain individuals choose to hunt animals for sport.

中文翻译：许多人都难以理解为什么有些人选择捕猎作为消遣。(Compare 比较：)

英文用法：I can't understand why anyone would want to kill animals for fun.

中文翻译：我不明白为什么有人会以猎杀动物为乐。

英文用法：Unfortunately, it would seem that not enough is being done to support tiger conservation.

中文翻译：遗憾的是，在保护老虎方面给予的支持似乎还不够。(Compare 比较：)

英文用法：Governments aren't doing enough to help tiger conservation.

中文翻译：政府没有采取足够措施促进对老虎的保护。

英文用法：There is no doubt that the greatest threat to polar bears comes from global warming.

中文翻译：毫无疑问，对北极熊的最大威胁是全球变暖。(Compare 比较：)

英文用法：I believe that the greatest threat…

中文翻译：我认为最大的威胁…

8.  Describing an increase 描述增长

英文用法：Student numbers in English language schools in this country increased from 66 000 in 2008 to just over 84 000 in 2009.

中文翻译：这个国家英语语言学校的学生人数从 2008 年的 66 000 增长到 2009 年的84 000 多一点。

英文用法：The number of students increased by almost 30% compared with the previous year.

中文翻译：学生人数与去年相比增长了近 30%。

英文用法：Student numbers shot up/increased dramatically in 2009.

中文翻译：学生人数在 2009 年急剧增长。

英文用法：The proportion of Spanish students rose sharply from 5% in 2008 to 14% in 2009.

中文翻译：西班牙学生所占比例从 2008 年的 5% 猛增到 2009 年的 14%。

英文用法：There was a significant rise in student numbers in 2009.

中文翻译：学生人数在 2009 年大幅上升。

英文用法：The 2009 figure was 84 000, an increase of 28% on the previous year.

中文翻译： 2009 年的数据是 84 000，比前一年增长了 28%。

英文用法：The 2009 figure was 84 000, 28 per cent up on the previous year.

中文翻译： 2009 年的数据是 84 000，比前一年上升了 28%。

英文用法：As the chart shows, this can partly be explained by a dramatic increase in students from Spain.

中文翻译：如图所示，这种情况的部份原因是西班牙学生人数的急剧上升。